青岛市2013—2017年手足口病重症病例流行特征及临床特点分析  

Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of severe cases of Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease from 2013 to 2017 in Qingdao

作　　者：任祥欣 韩雅琳[2] 贾静[2] REN Xiang-xin;HAN Ya-lin;JIA Jing(People's Hospital in Chengyang of Qingdao,Qingdao,Shandong 266109,China;Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Qingdao City)

机构地区：[1]青岛市城阳区人民医院,山东青岛266109 [2]青岛市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国公共卫生管理》2019年第5期607-609,616,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health Management

基　　金：“十三五”国家科技重大专项(2018ZX10201002)

摘　　要：目的分析青岛市手足口病重症病例的流行特征和临床特点,为有效防治手足口病提供科学依据。方法对2013-2017年青岛市的手足口病重症病例的流行特征和临床特点进行描述性分析,统计学方法采用χ^2检验。结果2013-2017年青岛市共报告手足口病重症病例1 627例,重症发生率为3.00%。手足口病重症病例以2014年发病数最多,占2014年手足口病例的9.09%,以4-9月为高发月份。不同年份间手足口病重症病例构成比2014年较其他年份高,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=2 848.25,P<0.05)。不同区市间手足口病重症病例构成比即墨区较其他地区高,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=543.65,P<0.05)。手足口病重症病例以3岁以下散居儿童为主,占全部病例的86.17%。实验室检测结果以EV71型肠道病毒为主,占36.61%。临床特点以发热和皮疹为主,其中90%的重症病例出现发热,几乎全部重症病例出现手、足、口部位皮疹。结论 2013-2017年青岛市的手足口病重症病例发病高峰为4-9月,集中在即墨区,且以EV71型为主,对年龄小、出现发热、皮疹和EV71型感染的患儿应予以重视。Objective To analyze the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of severe cases of Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease(HFMD) in Qingdao and provide evidences for its effective prevention and control.Methods The epidemiological and clinical characteristics of severe HFMD cases from 2013 to 2017 in Qingdao were analyzed by descriptive statistics and Chi-square test.Results A total of 1 627 sever cases were reported from 2013 to 2017 in Qingdao and the severe incidence rate was 3.00%.The number of the cases in 2014 were the most,accounting for 9.09%.The high incidence of severe cases of HFMD in Qingdao were from April to September.There were significant differences in the proportion of severe cases between different year groups(χ^2=2 848.25,P<0.05).The largest number of cases were in Jimo.There were significant differences in the proportion of severe cases between different region groups(χ^2=543.65,P<0.05).The primary severe cases were the children under 3 years old and residing separately from their parents,accounting for 86.17%.Laboratory test results were mainly EV71 type,which accounted for 36.61%.The clinical features were mainly fever and skin rashes.90% of cases had symptoms of fever and 80% had skin rashes on hand,foot and mouth.Conclusion The high incidence of severe cases of HFMD were form April to September,primary in Jimo from 2013 to 2017 in Qingdao.EV71 type was the main virus strain.More attention should be paid to the patients with fever and skin rashes,under 3 years old and infected with EV71 type.

关 键 词：手足口病 重症病例 流行特征 临床特点 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学] R181.81[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]