艾蒿花粉在中国西北地区人群鼻腔沉积规律的数值模拟研究  

Computational investigation of Artemisia pollen deposition in realistic nasal cavities of residents in northwest China

作　　者：张亚[1] 张璐瑶[1] 黄芬 张婧彬 娄淼 孙斌[1] 祝康[1] 郑国玺[1] 佟振博 Zhang Ya;Zhang Luyao;Huang Fen;Zhang Jingbin;Lou Miao;Sun Bin;Zhu Kang;Zheng Guoxi;Tong Zhenbo(Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi′an Jiaotong University,Xi′an 710004,China;Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education,School of Energy and Environment,Southeast University,Nanjing 210096,China;Department of Medical Imaging,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi′an Jiaotong University,Xi′an 710004,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学第二附属医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,710004 [2]东南大学能源与环境学院能源热转换及其过程测控教育部重点实验室,南京210096 [3]西安交通大学第二附属医院医学影像科,710004

出　　处：《中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志》2019年第10期741-747,共7页Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81271057);西安交通大学交叉项目(08143039)。

摘　　要：目的研究中国西北地区人群鼻腔各解剖部位的艾蒿花粉沉积率及其影响因素.方法募集30名西北地区健康成年人,采用计算流体力学及拉格朗日粒子追踪法对鼻腔结构进行数值模拟并提取全部流场及颗粒信息.统计各解剖部位的花粉沉积百分比,并分析花粉密度、呼吸速度等影响因素对沉积分布的影响.使用SPSS 19.0软件进行统计学分析.结果艾蒿花粉最易沉积部位分别为鼻中隔(30.70%±12.27%)、鼻前庭(27.45%±8.21%)、中鼻甲区(13.59%±8.98%)和鼻咽部(7.14%±5.90%).吸气流量为30 L/min时,鼻前庭与鼻中隔处花粉沉积率较吸气流量为15 L/min时显著升高(43.20%±11.14%比27.45%±8.21%,51.48%±9.77%比30.70%±12.27%,t值分别为-8.126、-5.264,P值均<0.05),即随着吸气流速的增加,沉积热点前移.与湿艾蒿花粉相比,干艾蒿花粉在鼻前庭与鼻中隔处沉积率显著下降(16.55%±4.33%比27.45%±8.21%,7.09%±3.69%比30.70%±12.27%,t值分别为8.669、9.173,P值均<0.05),鼻咽出口处的逃逸率由17.00%±9.57%增至43.48%±13.43%(t=-9.282,P<0.05).结论鼻腔内艾蒿花粉的沉积具有高度集中的特征,吸气流速、花粉干湿程度是影响沉积部位的主要因素.Objective To investigate the deposition rate of Artemisia pollen in different nasal cavity regions and its influence factors in residents of northwest China.Methods Thirty healthy adults from northwest China were enrolled.The computational fluid dynamics(CFD)and discrete phase model(DPM)were used for numerical simulation of nasal structures.The pollen deposition fraction in each anatomical part was counted and the effects of pollen density and breathing rate on deposition were analyzed.SPSS 19.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results The hottest deposition parts of Artemisia pollen were nasal septum(30.70%±12.27%),vestibule(27.45%±8.21%),middle turbinate area(13.59%±8.98%)and nasopharynx(7.14%±5.90%).When the inspiratory flow rate increased to 30 L/min,the deposition rates of pollen in nasal vestibule and nasal septum were significantly higher than that at the rate of 15 L/min(43.20%±11.14%vs 27.45%±8.21%,51.48%±9.77%vs 30.70%±12.27%,t value was-8.126,-5.264,respectively,all P<0.05),which indicated that with the increase of the inspiratory flow rate,the deposition hotspot moved forward.Compared with the wet Artemisia pollen,the deposition rate of the dry pollen in nasal vestibule and nasal septum decreased significantly(16.55%±4.33%vs 27.45%±8.21%,7.09%±3.69%vs 30.70%±12.27%,t value was 8.669,9.173,respectively,all P<0.05).The escape rate at outlet increased from 17.00%±9.57%to 43.48%±13.43%(t=-9.282,P<0.05).Conclusions The deposition of Artemisia pollen in nasal cavity is highly concentrated.The inhalation velocity and the dry-wet degree of pollen are the main determinants of the deposition site.

关 键 词：鼻腔 花粉 计算流体力学-拉格朗日粒子追踪法 计算机模拟 颗粒沉积 

分 类 号：R76[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]