氯化镁焙烧分解磷酸铈的反应机理研究  

The Reaction Mechanism of Cerous Phosphate Roasting Decomposition with Magnesium Chloride

作　　者：许延辉[1] 马升峰[1] 郭文亮[1] 刘铃声[1] 关卫华 王荣[1] 黄继民[1] XU Yan-hui;MA Sheng-feng;GUO Wen-liang;LIU Ling-sheng;GUAN Wei-hua;WANG Rong;HUANG Ji-min(State Key Laboratory of Baiyunobo Rare Earth Resource Researches and Comprehensive Utilization,Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths,Baotou 014030,China)

机构地区：[1]包头稀土研究院白云鄂博稀土资源研究与综合利用国家重点实验室

出　　处：《稀土》2019年第5期32-40,共9页Chinese Rare Earths

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(51634005);内蒙古自然科学基金重大项目(2016ZD03),内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2017MS0210)

摘　　要：针对高浓度液碱分解独居石工艺废渣废液治理难度大的弊端,采用氯化镁焙烧分解合成磷酸铈。研究了在不同焙烧温度、焙烧时间、矿盐比等工艺条件下,磷酸铈的焙烧矿分解的规律,通过对焙烧矿的X射线衍射、能谱分析和扫描电镜分析,研究了氯化镁分解磷酸铈氯化焙烧过程的反应机理,推断了分解过程的化学反应。结果表明,氯化镁分解产物Mg(OH)Cl和HCl在400℃就能与磷酸铈反应生成氯化铈,氯化铈又分解生成氧化铈;在480℃氯化镁分解产物MgO和HCl与磷酸铈反应生成氯化铈再分解生成氧化铈。氯化镁分解产物氯化氢和水在磷酸铈的分解过程中具有催化分解作用,提高温度有利于磷酸铈的分解。The paper researched the decomposition rule of cerous phosphate and the influence of roasting temperature,roasting time and salt mineral ratio on the decomposition.The reaction mechanisms and the chemical reactions of cerous phosphate roasted with magnesium chloride were studied by means of X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy and energy spectrum analysis.The results showed that Mg(OH)Cl and HCl,the decomposition products of magnesium chloride,were reacted with cerium phosphate to form cerium chloride,and further decomposed to cerium oxide under 400℃.MgO and HCl,the decomposition products of magnesium chloride,were reacted with cerium phosphate to form cerium chloride,and further decomposed to cerium oxide under 480℃.Hydrogen chloride and water,the decomposition products of magnesium chloride,can catalyze the decomposition of cerium phosphate.Increasing the roasting temperature was beneficial to the decomposition of cerium phosphate.

关 键 词：氯化镁 氯化焙烧 磷酸铈 独居石 稀土 催化冶金 

分 类 号：O614.33[理学—无机化学]