马克思“公众惩罚”思想论析  

An Analysis of Marx's Thought on"Public Punishment"

作　　者：胡玉鸿[1,2] Hu Yuhong

机构地区：[1]苏州大学王健法学院 [2]南京师范大学中国法治现代化研究院

出　　处：《复印报刊资料（法理学、法史学）》2018年第7期65-74,共10页JURISPRUDENCE AND HISTORY OF LAW

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目"提升司法公信力法治路径研究"(15AFX013)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：“公众惩罚”是马克思所提出的一个重要法律理念,意指刑事惩罚权是一种由国家代表公众行使的专门权力,具有独占性和排他性,体现了以公共利益为依归的国家理性。“公众惩罚”所反对的是私人僭行刑事惩罚权力,由这一原则也派生出法律平等、罪刑法定、罪罚相当等原则。在遵奉马克思“公众惩罚”原则的同时,需要强调当代中国立法上要真正以公共利益为依归,反对部门利益法律化;要坚守刑法的谦抑原则,警惕刑法扩张化趋势;要求公平审理权在刑事司法中必须真正得以落实。"Public punishment"is an important legal notion proposed by Karl Marx.It means that the power to inflict criminal punishment is a specific power exercised by the state on behalf of the people.The state monopoly and exclusiveness of such power reflects the reason that it should serves the public interests.What the"public punishment" opposes is personal abuse of criminal punishment.From this principle we can derive such subordinate principles as the equality before the law,a legally prescribed punishment for a specified crime,and punishment in accordance with crime.While following Marx's"public punishment"principle,we have to emphasize that the legislation in China should genuinely serve the public interests and never allow the law to be made according to the interests of a certain department or a group of people;the principle should be observed that the application of the criminal law should be prudent and the trend of expanding the application be under close scrutiny;and the right to fair trial should be completely respected in the criminal justice.

关 键 词：马克思主义法学 公众惩罚 刑事惩罚权 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]