神东矿区典型植被不同恢复年限对土壤质量的影响  

Influence of Different Years of Restoration of Typical Vegetation to Soil Quality of Shendong Mining Area

作　　者：马宁[1] 李强[2] 郭玉涛[1] 李鹏飞 MA Ning;LI Qiang;GUO Yutao(Yellow River Upper and Middle Reaches Administration,YRCC,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710021,China;Shenhua Shendong Coal Collective Co.,Ltd.,Shenmu,Shaanxi 719300,China)

机构地区：[1]黄河水利委员会黄河上中游管理局,陕西西安710021 [2]神华神东煤炭集团有限责任公司,陕西神木719300

出　　处：《中国水土保持》2019年第11期59-62,I0001,共5页Soil and Water Conservation in China

摘　　要：为揭示矿区土壤质量在植被恢复过程中的变化,采用野外调查和室内分析相结合的方法,以神东矿区中心10个矿区不同恢复年限典型植被种植区土壤为研究对象,测定了土壤容重和全氮、碱解氮、有机质、有效磷、速效钾含量等6项理化指标,通过主成分分析确定了各评价指标权重值,并运用土壤质量指数法对土壤质量进行了评价。结果表明:各指标按权重值排序为全氮(0.198)>速效钾(0.187)>碱解氮(0.182)>有机质(0.177)>容重(0.172)>有效磷(0.084);樟子松、山杏和柠条种植区的土壤质量指数与恢复年限呈线性变化关系,油松和小叶杨种植区的土壤质量指数与恢复年限呈对数变化关系,沙棘、沙柳和黑沙蒿种植区的土壤质量指数与恢复年限呈抛物线关系。总体来说,矿区典型植被恢复对土壤质量有较好的改良效果,在今后的生态治理过程中,需要对恢复年限较长的植被类型加强人工管护,防止土壤质量退化。In order to reveal the changes of soil quality of mining area in the process of vegetation restoration,it adopted the method of combination of field investigation and indoor analysis,determined the 6 physical and chemical indexes of soil bulk density,total nitrogen,alkali hydrolyz able nitrogen,organic matter,available phosphorus and available potassium by taking the soil of typical vegetation with different restoration years of 10 sub mining areas in the center of Shendong mining area,determined the weight value of each evaluation index through principal component analysis and evaluated the soil quality by using soil quality index.The outcomes show that the rank order of each index based on the weight value is total nitrogen(0.198)>available potassium(0.187)>alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen(0.182)>organic matter(0.177)>bulk density(0.172)>available phosphorus(0.084).The soil quality index of Pinus sylvestris,Armeniaca sibirica and Caragana korshinskii shows a linear relationship with restoration years.The soil quality index of Pinus tabuliformis and Populus simonii shows logarithmic relation with restoration years and the soil quality index of Hippophae rhamnoides,Salix cheilophila and Artemisia ordosica shows parabolic relation with restoration years.In general,the restoration of typical vegetation of mining area has better improvement effects.In the future,it should strengthen artificial management and protection for the vegetation with longer restoration years during the ecological control for preventing deg radation of soil quality.

关 键 词：典型植被 恢复年限 土壤质量 神东矿区 

分 类 号：S714.6[农业科学—林学]