儿外科手术患者的麻醉前评估  

Preanesthestic Evaluation of Pediatric Surgical Patients

作　　者：董贝贝[1] 于泳浩[1] DONG Beibei;YU Yonghao(Department of Anesthesiology,General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University,Tianjin 300052,China)

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学总医院麻醉科

出　　处：《医学综述》2019年第21期4291-4295,共5页Medical Recapitulate

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81501013)

摘　　要：随着儿外科手术技术的进步和社会对儿童健康重视程度的提高,越来越多的儿童需要接受各种手术治疗。对于麻醉医师来说,儿童患者生理发育不成熟,更容易受到某些条件的影响,不利于术中麻醉管理。因此对于儿童患者进行全面系统的术前评估具有重要意义。在小儿麻醉评估中可能遇到一些特殊关注(如呼吸和心肺功能、术前禁食水情况等)和一些特殊病理生理状态(如早产儿)以及麻醉对儿童大脑发育的影响,亦或患儿及父母的情绪因素等诸多问题。只有进行系统的术前评估,才能保障麻醉和手术过程顺利实施。With the progress of pediatric surgery technology and the increasing attention of the society to children’ s health,more and more children need to receive various surgical treatments. Considering the immature physiological development of children,which is more vulnerable to the influence of certain conditions,it is not conducive to anesthetic management. Therefore,comprehensive and systematic preoperative evaluation of children is of great significance. Here reviews some special concerns that may be encountered in the evaluation of pediatric anesthesia,including the regular preoperative assessment,respiratory and cardiopulmonary function,preoperative fasting of food and water,preoperative evaluation of some children with special pathophysiological status such as premature infants,effects of anesthesia on the brain development of the children,and the emotional factors of the children and their parents,etc. Only by systematic preoperative evaluation can we carry out the anesthesia and surgery procedures successfully.

关 键 词：先天性心脏病 小儿麻醉 术前评估 

分 类 号：R614.2[医药卫生—麻醉学]