纳米材料应用于纺织品改性方面的现状与发展趋势  

Present Situation and Development Trend of Application of Nanomaterials in Modified Textiles

作　　者：杨明 吴桂芳[1] 李东泽 刘钊[1] 邢凯[1] 李志东 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学机电工程学院 [2]宁夏纺织纤维检验局、国家羊绒及其制品质量监督检验中心

出　　处：《纺织导报》2019年第9期71-73,共3页China Textile Leader

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目（6126511）;高等学校博士点学科专项科研基金项目（20111515120004）

摘　　要：纳米材料具有表面、小尺寸、量子尺寸三大效应,这3种效应的综合作用能够提升纺织品的性能,赋予其新功能。纳米材料因其微小的尺寸,可以填充纺织纤维预裂纹以提高其耐磨性;纳米材料小尺寸效应与表面效应共同作用,可使纺织品对紫外线进行反射、散射与吸收;纳米材料可以在纺织品表面形成疏水层,实现纺织品自清洁;纳米材料的量子尺寸效应能够提升纺织品的抗菌性。文章主要介绍纳米材料的三大效应在改善纺织品功能上的最新研究进展以及发展趋势。Nanomaterials have three major effects, i.e., surface, small size and quantum size. The combined effects of these three effects can enhance the performance of textile products and give them new functions. Nanomaterials can be filled in pre-cracks of fibers to improve the abrasive resistance of fibers because of its small size;through the small size and surface effect of the nanomaterials, the textiles can reflect, scatter and absorb the ultraviolet light;the nanomaterials can form a hydrophobic layer on the textile surface to realize the self-cleaning of the textiles;the quantum size effect of the nanomaterial can enhance the antibacterial performance of the textile. The paper mainly introduces the latest research progress and development trend of the three major effects of nanomaterials in improving textile function.

关 键 词：纳米材料 纺织品 改性整理 独特性能 

分 类 号：TS101.9[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]