不同作物秸秆热解液对辣椒炭疽菌的抑制及其生理指标的影响  

Effects of different crop straw pyrolysis liquid on inhibition of Colletotrichum capsici and its physiological indexes

作　　者：康晓宇 韩篷慧 张先[1] 李范洙[1] KANG Xiaoyu;HAN Penghui;ZHANG Xian;LI Fanzhu(Agricultural College of Yanbian University,Yanji Jilin 133002,China)

机构地区：[1]延边大学农学院

出　　处：《延边大学农学学报》2019年第3期29-35,共7页Agricultural Science Journal of Yanbian University

基　　金：吉林省重大科技攻关专项(20130204045NY)

摘　　要：为探究秸秆热解液对植物病原菌的抑菌作用,采用抑菌圈法测定了不同作物秸秆(稻壳、稻草、大豆秸秆、玉米芯、玉米秸秆)热解液对辣椒炭疽菌的抑菌率、最小抑菌浓度(MIC)和最小杀菌浓度(MFC),并从细胞膜通透性、生理代谢、菌体形态等方面探讨了秸秆热解液的抑菌机理。结果表明:5种秸秆热解液均对辣椒炭疽菌具有良好的抑菌效果,且玉米芯热解液的抑菌效果最好,其EC50值为6.1 mL/L,MIC和MFC值分别为9.1和10.0 mL/L,其次是玉米秸秆热解液,稻草热解液的抑菌效果最差。不同秸秆热解液均能够使菌悬液的相对电导率增大,并且增加蛋白质和核酸类物质的释放量。5种秸秆热解液中玉米芯热解液对辣椒炭疽菌细胞膜透性的影响最大,其相对电导率为44.71%,蛋白质和核酸物质的释放量分别为5.69 mg/mL和193.42μg/mL。不同秸秆热解液均能激活细胞壁组分水解酶活性,降低菌体细胞蛋白质和糖类物质的含量,其中,玉米芯热解液处理的菌丝蛋白质和总糖含量最低,分别为122.35 mg/g和1.6%,几丁质酶、β-1,3-葡聚糖酶、蛋白酶活性最高,分别为1.03 U/(μg·s)、15.364 U/(μg·s)和6.865 U/(μg·s)。不同秸秆热解液对辣椒炭疽菌胞膜通透性及生理代谢的作用大小与抑菌效果大小相吻合。因此,以作物秸秆为原料的生物热解液有望开发成天然抑菌剂,并应用到辣椒绿色生产以及采后贮藏保鲜中。To investigate the antibacterial activity of different crop straw pyrolysis liquid against Colletotrichum capsici, the inhibition rate and the minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC) and the minimal fungicide concentration(MFC) of different crop straws(rice husk, rice straw, soybean stalk, corn cob, corn straw) pyrolysis liquid against C.capsici were determined by inhibition zone method. The inhibitory mechanism of straw pyrolysis liquid was studied from the membrane permeability, the physiological metabolism and the morphology of bacteria. The results showed that five crop straw pyrolysis liquid had good antibacterial effect on C.capsici. The corn cob pyrolysis liquid had the best antibacterial effect, its EC50 value was 6.1 mL/L and its MIC and MFC values were 9.1 mL/L and 10.0 mL/L. Secondly, the effect of corn straw hydrolysate was good, and the antibacterial effect of rice straw pyrolysis liquid was the worst. The crop straw pyrolysis liquid can increase the relative conductivity of the bacterial suspension and the release of protein and nucleic acid substances. For five straw pyrolysis liquids, the corn cob pyrolysis liquid had the greatest influence on the cell membrane permeability of the anthracnose, and its relative conductivity was 44.71%, and the release of protein and nucleic acid was 5.69 mg/mL and 193.42 μg/mL Different straw pyrolysis liquids can activate cell wall hydrolase activity and reduce the content of cell body protein and carbohydrates. among these, corn cob pyrolysis liquid had the lowest mycelial protein and total sugar content, which is 122.35 mg/g and 1.6%, chitinase, β-1,3-glucanase, and protease activity were the highest, 1.03 U/(μg·s), 15.364 U/(μg·s) and 6.865 U/(μg·s), respectively. The effects of different straw pyrolysis liquids on the membrane permeability and physiological metabolism of anthracnose of C.capsici were consistent with the size of the antibacterial effect. Therefore, the biomass pyrolysis liquid using crop straw as raw material is expected to be developed i

关 键 词：生物质热解液 辣椒炭疽菌 抑菌作用 活体抑菌 

分 类 号：TS255.3[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]