大规格电镦成形折叠缺陷分析及改进措施  

Analysis and improvement measures of folding defects in large size electrical upsetting process

作　　者：陈舒婷 黄云峰 权国政[2] 戴魏魏 CHEN Shuting;HUANG Yunfeng;QUAN Guozheng;DAI Weiwei(Nanjing International Marine Equipment&Spares Co.,Ltd.,China COSCO Shipping Corporation Limited,Nanjing 211121,Jiangsu China;State Key Lab of Mechanical Transmission,College of Material Science and Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China)

机构地区：[1]中国远洋海运集团南京国际船舶设备配件有限公司,江苏南京211121 [2]重庆大学材料科学与工程学院机械传动国家重点实验室,重庆400044

出　　处：《锻压装备与制造技术》2019年第5期93-95,共3页China Metalforming Equipment & Manufacturing Technology

基　　金：重庆市基础研究与前沿探索项目(cstc2018jcyjAX0459);华中科技大学材料成形与模具技术国家重点实验室开放基金课题(P2018-020)

摘　　要：针对原大规格电镦工艺方案成形与砧块接触面出现折叠缺陷,通过电镦过程观察和有限元分析模拟确定折叠产生于电镦开始时因电流和顶锻力发生变化产生小台阶,后续电镦过程的顶锻力持续施加并致使有小台阶的变形部位逐渐向砧块靠拢,并受砧块表面约束,坯料受反作用力将材料压凹陷形成凹坑,并在模锻时形成折叠缺陷,为提高电镦成形质量和避免模锻成形缺陷,提出初始电镦阶段采用多分段成形渐变工艺.有限元分析模拟显示,采用多分段成形渐变工艺锻造流线连续,未出现折叠缺陷.生产实践表明,改进方案可以避免折叠缺陷产生,能够满足实际生产需求.Aiming at the original large-scale electrical upsetting process scheme,the folding surface defects appear on the contact surface of the anvil block.Through the electrical upsetting process observation and finite element analysis simulation,it is determined that the folding occurs at the beginning of the electric upsetting,and the small step has been generated due to the change of the current and the forging force.The top forging force of the upsetting process has been continuously applied which causes the deformed portion with small steps gradually approaches the anvil block and be restrained by the surface of the anvil block.The billet has been depressed by the reaction force to form a pit,and a folding defect has been formed during the die forging.In order to improve the electrical upsetting quality of and avoid the defects of the die forging,it is proposed to adopt the multi-section forming grading process in the initial electrical upsetting stage.The finite element analysis simulation shows that the forging flow line is continuous by the multi-section forming grading process without folding defects.The production practices show that the improved solution can avoid the occurrence of folding defects and meet the actual production needs.

关 键 词：电镦 折叠 成形质量 渐变工艺 有限元 

分 类 号：TG316[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]