殖民统治时期及“二战”后日本学者对朝鲜半岛文化的研究与应用转型——兼对日本民族学研究史的评析  

Transformation of Ethnological Research and Application by Japanese Scholars over the Korean Peninsula during the Colonial Rule and in the Wake of the Second World War

作　　者：崔海洋 Haiyang Cui

机构地区：[1]贵州大学历史与民族文化学院

出　　处：《世界民族》2019年第5期1-10,共10页Journal of World Peoples Studies

基　　金：2014年国家社科基金一般项目“近代中国民族国家构筑视域下的朝鲜族国民教育研究”(项目编号为14BZS087);2018年国家社科基金项目“西南少数民族古村落演变机理及发展模式研究”(项目编号为18BMZ070)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：本文从相关史料出发,以近代日本史和全球史为视角,总结出一百多年的日本民族学研究是与日本近代史进程休戚相关,并经历了"三个阶段、两次转型"。第一阶段引进与模仿西方民族学理论与方法阶段。该阶段主要致力于解读大和民族文化。第二阶段则在"甲午战争"以后。此一时期,朝鲜半岛沦为日本殖民地。在其后的半个世纪中,日本民族学家被日本国内的"军国主义"所"绑架",沦落为日本"军国主义"扩张的"工具"。第三阶段是在"二战"之后。此时日本已为战败国,"军国主义"思潮遭受重挫,日本民族学随之转型,民族学家致力于推动日本社会经济复苏与建设的研究。而对朝鲜半岛文化的研究,也从"征服者"的姿态,转变为"合作者"的身份。The Japanese ethnology was an“imported goods”that evolved with Japan’s modern history.The history of the Japanese ethnology over a hundred years in the past can be divided into three phases with two major transformations.In the first phase,Japan imitated the theories and methods of Western ethnology,when Japanese ethnological scholars devoted themselves to the cultural interpretation of the Yamato.The second phase started after the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895,when the Korean Peninsula was turned into a Japanese colony.In the subsequent half a century,Japanese ethnologists were“kidnapped”by soaring“militarism”in Japan and became the tool for its expansion.The third phase began after the Second World War,when Japan was a defeated country and the ideological trend of militarism was severely frustrated.In this phase,ethnological research and application in Japan witnessed another transformation,when Japanese scholars of ethnology began earnest research for promoting Japan’s socio-economic revival,while their research on the Korean Culture was also transformed from the standpoint of“a conqueror”to that of“a partner”.

关 键 词：阶段与转型 朝鲜半岛文化 近代日本史 日本民族学 

分 类 号：K31[历史地理—历史学]