小麦-中间偃麦草蓝粒代换系的创制与鉴定  

Development and Identification of New Common Wheat-Elytrigia intermedia Blue-Grained Substitution Lines

作　　者：叶晓斌 卫波[1] 范仁春[1] 张相岐[1] YE Xiaobin;WEI Bo;FAN Renchun;ZHANG Xiangqi(State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering,Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所植物细胞与染色体工程国家重点实验室

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2019年第10期1154-1164,共11页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0100102);植物细胞与染色体工程国家重点实验室项目(PCCE-TD-2012-01)

摘　　要：小麦的蓝粒性状可作为表型标记用于小麦育种和遗传学研究,来自中间偃麦草的蓝粒种质材料尚鲜见报道。本研究通过八倍体小偃麦中5 (2n=8x=56, AABBDDXX)与中国春缺-四体系列材料杂交,在中5×N4BT4A和中5×N7BT7D杂交组合后代中获得了两份蓝粒材料,编号分别为Zh5-a2-1和Zh5-c13-2。利用细胞遗传学和分子标记方法对这两份蓝粒材料进行了染色体组成分析。以中间偃麦草基因组DNA为探针的GISH分析显示,这两份蓝粒材料的染色体数均为2n=42,包括40条小麦染色体和两条中间偃麦草染色体。利用重复序列探针pSc119.2和pAs1进行的FISH分析表明,Zh5-a2-1和Zh5-c13-2均为二体代换系,被代换的一对小麦染色体分别为4B和4D。通过用St、E^e和E^b基因组DNA作探针进行GISH分析,证明这两份蓝粒代换系中的中间偃麦草染色体均为St组染色体,但与中5中的中间偃麦草染色体比较发现这对St组染色体的短臂端部发生了缺失。利用二倍体长穗偃麦草E^e基因组的SNP标记分析证明,两份蓝粒代换系中的中间偃麦草染色体与长穗偃麦草的4E^e染色体同源,即Zh5-a2-1和Zh5-c13-2分别为4St(4B)和4St(4D)代换系,命名为SubZh5-4St(4B)和SubZh5-4St(4D)。同时说明,中间偃麦草的4St染色体上带有蓝粒基因。通过对450个小麦SSR标记进行筛选,获得了4个可跟踪鉴定4St染色体的特异SSR标记。研究结果可用于蓝粒小麦品种的培育和中间偃麦草蓝粒基因的遗传学研究。The blue grain trait of wheat can be used as a phenotypic marker in wheat breeding and genetics research.Blue-grained germplasm derived from Elytrigia intermedia have rarely been reported.In the present study,two blue-grained lines, Zh5-a2-1 and Zh5-c13-2, were selected from the progenies of Zhong5×N4 BT4 A and Zhong5×N7 BT7 D cross combinations.The chromosome constitutions of the two blue-grained lines were analyzed by cytogenetics and molecular marker methods.The GISH analysis using genomic DNA of Et.intermedia as probe showed that the chromosome numbers of the two blue-grained lines were all 2 n=42, including 40 wheat chromosomes and 2 Et.intermedia chromosomes.FISH analysis with repetitive sequence probes pSc119.2 and pAs1 indicated that both Zh5-a2-1 and Zh5-c13-2 were disomic substitution lines, and the 4 B and 4 D wheat chromosome pairs were substituted by a pair of Et.intermedia chromosomes,respectively.By using St, E^e and E^b genomic DNA as probes, FISH analysis demonstrated that the chromosomes of Et.intermedia in the two blue-grained substitution lines derived from St genome.However, compared with the Et.intermedia chromosomes in Zhong 5, it was found that the short arm ends of the St chromosomes in the two substitution lines were deleted.The E^e genome specific SNP marker analysis further showed that the Et.intermedia chromosomes in the two blue-grained substitution lines were homologous to the 4 E^e chromosome of diploid Et. elongata, i.e. Zh5-a2-1 and Zh5-c13-2 were 4 St(4 B) and 4 St(4 D) substitution lines,named as SubZh5-4 St(4 B) and SubZh5-4 St(4 D), respectively.Meanwhile, it also found that the 4 St chromosome of Et.intermedia possessed blue grain gene. In order to identify and trace blue grain traits by molecular markers more easily, the SSR markers of wheat were screened.As a result,the four pairs of specific SSR primers distinguishing 4 St chromosomes in the blue-grained substitution lines were selected from 450 SSR primers of wheat. The results could be used for breeding of blue-graine

关 键 词：小麦 中间偃麦草 蓝粒代换系 染色体组成 分子标记 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S330