引进水稻资源对野败型不育胞质恢复力的鉴定研究  

Restoring Ability of WA Type Male Sterile Cytoplasm: Identification with introduced rice germplasm resources

作　　者：邢运高 陈庭木[1] 杨波[1] 孙志广 徐波[1] 李健[1] 刘艳[1] 迟铭[1] 卢百关 方兆伟 王宝祥[1] 徐大勇[1] Xing Yungao;Chen Tingmu;Yang Bo;Sun Zhiguang;Xu Bo;Li Jian;Liu Yan;Chi Ming;Lu Baiwan;Fang Zhaowei;Wang Baoxiang;Xu Dayong(Lianyungang Agriculture Science Academy,Jiangsu Province/Jiangsu Collaborative Center for Modern Crop Production,Lianyungang Jiangsu 222006)

机构地区：[1]江苏省连云港市农业科学院/江苏省现代作物生产协同创新中心

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2019年第30期1-7,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：现代农业技术体系建设专项资金资助“高产优质安全高效水稻品种培育”(CARS-01-04B);江苏省农业重大新品种创制“早熟优质抗稻瘟病水稻新品种选育”(PZCZ201704);连云港市财政专项“引进水稻种质对不同胞质不育系恢复力的鉴定研究”(QNJJ1811),“Pi-ta、Pi-b、Pi-5、Pi-9和Pikm基因在黄淮稻区粳稻品种中的分布及对穂颈瘟抗性分析”(QNJJ1911)

摘　　要：旨在明确来自亚洲、欧洲、非洲、北美洲、南美洲共441份水稻种质的恢保关系和强恢种质分布地区,为高效选育恢复系、保持系提供优异亲本。用野败型细胞质雄性不育系‘明218A’为母本与外引种质测交配制441份测验种。以自然结实率为指标,鉴别恢保类型。鉴定出恢复型种质53份,保持型种质43份,半恢半保型种质333份。53份恢复种质中33份来源于亚洲地区,占恢复种质的比例为62.3%;筛选出美国强恢种质6份,占来源美国种质的31.6%;来源于欧洲种质仅2份,占来源于欧洲种质的比例为5%,欧洲恢复种质相对较少。对53份强恢种质测交F1与测交父本7个重要性状均值进行相关分析,其中株高(r=0.97^**)、千粒重(r=0.934^**)和穗长(r=0.747^**)3个性状达极显著相关,而其余的4个性状的相关不显著。相关程度的大小顺序为:株高>千粒重>穗长>有效穗>穗总粒数>穗实粒数>自然结实率。野败型不育系强恢的种质5大洲都有分布,主要集中在亚洲的东亚、南亚、东南亚地区以及美国。恢复系的株高、千粒重以及穗长对杂交种F1的影响较大。In order to clarify the restoring or remaining characteristics and the distribution area of strong restoring germplasm of 441 rice germplasm resources from Asia,Europe,Africa,North America and South America,and provide excellent parents for efficient breeding of restorer line or maintainer line.The natural seed setting rate was used as indicator to identify the restoring or remaining types.The results showed that the restoring germplasm,remaining germplasm and half-restoring and half-remaining germplasm had 53 accessions,43 accessions and 333 accessions,respectively.In 53 accessions restoring germplasm,33 accessions came from Asia,accounting for 62.3%;6 accessions restoring germplasm were from USA,accounting for 31.6% of USA germplasm resources;Only 2 accessions restoring germplasm were identified from European,accounting for 5% of the European germplasm resources,which indicated that Europe had fewer restoring resources.Correlation analysis was carried out by the mean values of the seven important traits of F1 and the male parent of 53 accessions restoring germplasm,the plant height(r=0.97^**),1000-grains weight(r=0.934^**)and panicle length(r=0.747^**)had extremely significant correlation,while the other 4 traits were not significantly related.The order of relevance was as follows:plant height>1000-grains weight>panicle length>panicles of per plant>spikelets of per panicle>filled spikelets of per panicle>natural seed setting rate.Taken together,resources with high restoring ability were distributed in all five continents,mainly in the East Asia,South Asia and Southeast Asia and USA.The plant height,1000-grain weight and panicle length of the restorer line had more obvious effect on the hybrid F1.

关 键 词：水稻种质 野败型细胞质 恢保关系 相关分析 分布区域 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]