论我国自然人破产制度的设立基础  

On the Foundations of Establishing Personal Bankruptcy System in China

作　　者：邓辉[1] 张晓宁 Deng Hui;Zhang Xiaoning

机构地区：[1]北京大学法学院 [2]北京市京师律师事务所

出　　处：《法治社会》2019年第6期20-31,共12页Law-Based Society

摘　　要：由于经济发展和立法条件等历史原因,我国尚未建立自然人破产制度。对于以个人名义出现的市场参与者来说,合理和有序的退出机制付诸阙如,相应的替代措施又存在着公平和效率方面的缺陷,进而导致债务人"跑路"和债务暴力催收等社会问题。自然人破产制度重在挽救经济危机中的债务人,同时也能够避免对债权人的低效清偿,有利于整个社会经济秩序的改善。在个体经营和消费借贷不断发展的背景下,我国对自然人破产的立法供给存在着强烈的现实需求。此外,由于消费观念的更新、财产登记的普及、个人征信系统的推广、"互联网+"技术的支持以及地方实践经验的累积,我国建立自然人破产制度具备了现实基础。Due to such historical reasons as economic development and legislative conditions,China has not yet established a bankruptcy system of natural persons.For the market participants who appear in the form of individuals,a reasonable and orderly exit mechanism is absent,and the corresponding alternative measures have defects in terms of fairness and efficiency,which further bring social problems such as the debtor’s"running away",debt collection violence and so on.The bankruptcy system of natural persons focuses on saving debtors in economic crisis,and at the same time,it can avoid inefficient liquidation of creditors,which is conducive to the improvement of the whole social and economic order.Under the background of the continuous development of individual business activities and consumer borrowing,there is a strong practical demand for the legislative supply of a bankruptcy system for natural persons in China.In addition,due to the renewal of consumption concept,the normalization of property registration,the promotion of personal credit system,the support of"Internet+"technology and the accumulation of local practical experience,it is more possible to establish the bankruptcy system of natural persons in China.

关 键 词：自然人破产 个体经营户 消费者债务 个人征信 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]