“礼”入苗疆:清代清水江文书中的婚姻世界  

Confucian Etiquette into the Miao:Marriage in Qingshuijiang Documents in the Qing Dynasty

作　　者：吴才茂[1] WU Caimao

机构地区：[1]凯里学院人文学院

出　　处：《西南大学学报（社会科学版）》2019年第6期190-200,204,共12页Journal of Southwest University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：凯里学院博士专项课题“稀见清水江文书的调查与研究”(BS201801),项目负责人:吴才茂

摘　　要：雍正朝大力开辟黔东南苗疆之后,清王朝对该地实施了全面的开发与经营,推行礼治成为其中重要的一环,全面干预婚姻生活成为礼治的重要内容。人们不仅开始以“六礼”的程序来实现婚姻的缔结,且在初婚与再婚里,已逐渐形成了“文字凭据”的观念,“庚贴为凭”的婚姻程序为人们所接受,一般性婚书开始流行。而“嫁卖生妻”、休妻与退婚,是人们娴熟利用儒家的“礼”来强化男性在婚姻中的主导权的表现。地方政府在基层社会的代理人,积极地参与人们婚姻的缔结与变动,这种婚姻监督与监管权从亲属向政府地方代理人的转换,无疑是一重要的新转向,表明国家权力通过干预与人们息息相关的婚姻生活而全面进入苗疆基层社会。Followingthe great development of the Miao Region in theYongzheng Dynasty,the Qing Dynasty implemented a comprehensive development and management of the ethnic minority areas in southeastern Guizhou Province,and promoted the establishment of Confucianism as an important part.The full intervention in marital life has become an important part of the rule of courtesy.People not only started to use the“six ceremonies”program to achieve the conclusion of marriage,but in the first marriage and remarriage,people gradually formed the concept of“word credential”,and the marriage procedure of“governing by virtue”was accepted by people.Marriage books became popular.The“married wife”,divorced wife and retired marriage reflected people s skillful use of Confucian rites to strengthen men s dominance in marriage.Local government agents at the grass-roots level were actively involved in the conclusion and change of people s marriage.This conversion of marriage supervision and supervision from relatives to local government agents is undoubtedly an important new direction,indicating that the state power is closely related with the marriage and offers a full access to the grassroots society in Miao.

关 键 词：清代 清水江文书 婚姻 礼治 

分 类 号：K249.3[历史地理—历史学] K877[历史地理—中国史]