放牧对野生大熊猫种群及栖息地的影响  

Impact of grazing on giant pandas and their habitat and implication for conservation

作　　者：罗莲莲 蒲丹 邱兰 陈玉祥 邓雨晴 李光媚 韩菡 周宏[1,2] 韦伟[1,2] LUO Lianlian;PU Dan;QIU Lan;CHEN Yuxiang;DENG Yuqing;LI Guangmei;HAN Han;ZHOU Hong;WEI Wei(Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation of the Ministry of Education,Nanchong,Sichuan 637009,China;College of Life Science,China West Normal University,Nanchong,Sichuan 637009,China)

机构地区：[1]西南野生动植物资源保护教育部重点实验室,四川南充637009 [2]西华师范大学生命科学学院,四川南充637009

出　　处：《贵州师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第6期52-57,共6页Journal of Guizhou Normal University：Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31600306);西华师范大学博士科研启动基金(15E024,16E010);西华师范大学英才基金(17YC326,17YC346);西华师范大学基本科研业务费(17D080)

摘　　要：近年来,放牧成为大熊猫生境中最主要的人为干扰,对大熊猫的生存造成了较大的影响。为了比较放牧家畜、大熊猫选择生境因子的偏好二者对竹林破坏程度的差异,本研究在四川美姑自然保护区设置了放牧干扰样方和大熊猫利用样方,拟调查生境因子及测定所采集的不同竹龄的竹叶、竹秆、竹枝的常规养分。结果显示:野生大熊猫喜欢海拔较高、灌木高且胸径大的生境,牲畜偏好海拔低、乔木郁闭度高以及草本面积大的生境;大熊猫生境内的竹子营养成分如蛋白、脂肪和灰分等显著高于被牲畜破坏后的干扰生境。In recent years,grazing has become the most important human disturbance in the habitat of giant pandas,which has a great impact on the survival of giant pandas.In order to compare the differences in the degree of damage to bamboo forests between grazing livestock and the choice of habitat factors for giant pandas,this study sets up a grazing interference sample and a giant panda utilization sample in Sichuan Meigu Nature Reserve,and plans to investigate habitat factors and determination sites.Conventional nutrients of bamboo leaves,bamboo stalks,and bamboo branches of different bamboo ages are inuestigated.The results showed that wild giant pandas prefer habitats with high altitude,high shrubs and large breast diameter.Livestock prefer low altitude,high canopy density and large herbage area;bamboo nutrients such as protein,fat and ash in giant panda habitat are significantly higher than the disturbed habitat after being destroyed by livestock.

关 键 词：大熊猫 放牧家畜 生境选择与差异 常规养分 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]