债权人视角下的担保制度——兼论《民法典》中担保制度的立法构想  

Guarantee System from the Perspective of Creditors——On the Legislative Conception of the Guarantee System in the Civil Code

作　　者：张凇纶 Zhang Songlun

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学土地法制研究院

出　　处：《法律科学（西北政法大学学报）》2019年第6期109-119,共11页Science of Law：Journal of Northwest University of Political Science and Law

基　　金：2016年江苏省社会科学基金项目(16FXC003)"有限理性视角下的民法规则研究"

摘　　要：《民法典》的编纂为担保制度的革新提供了契机。传统民法物保与人保的二分是过时之举:作为物权的担保物权,在理论上和实践中都有不小的问题;而人保的对人性假设,也无法妥善应对现代金融市场的挑战。现代担保制度的走向,应是在债权人的视角下,打破物保与人保的隔阂,实现多样性与可流通的制度整合。为了实现这一点,可在《民法典》中将担保制度独立成编;亦可将其纳入(经过修改的)总论;但最现实的做法,或许是在民法中对担保制度进行简约化处理,在充分考虑意思自治和债权人利益的基础上,将其留给商法(或其他特别法)进行更为详实和合适的规定。The compilation of the civil code provides an opportunity for the innovation of the security system. The dual categorization of traditional civil law, real security and guarantee are outdated measures. As a security right of property rights, there are many problems in theory and practice, and the assumption of human nature of human insurance cannot properly cope with the challenges of modern financial market. In the view of the creditor, the modern security system should break the gap between real security and guarantee, and achieve diversity and tradable institutional integration. In order to achieve this, we can make security system a separated part or into general in the "Civil Code". However, the most realistic approach may be to simplify the guarantee system in the civil law, and to leave it to the commercial law(or other special law) for more detailed and appropriate provisions on the basis of full consideration of the autonomy of the will and the interests of the creditors.

关 键 词：担保制度 缔约考量 信用增强机制 债权人 多样化与可流通 

分 类 号：D913[政治法律—民商法学]