基于ENVI技术下的蒙山风景区景观格局动态评估与分析  

Dynamic evaluation and analysis of landscape pattern of Mengshan Scenic Spot based on ENVI technology

作　　者：徐梦林 李冠衡[1] 鞠鲤懋 Xu Menglin;Li Guanheng;Ju Limao(School of Landscape Architecture,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;School of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Linyi University,Linyi 276000,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学园林学院,北京100083 [2]临沂大学农林科学学院,山东临沂276000

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报》2019年第10期107-120,共14页Journal of Beijing Forestry University

基　　金：北京市共建项目（2015BLUREE01）;北京市科技计划项目（D171100007217003）

摘　　要：【目的】风景区景观结构随人类活动不断发生变化,过多人为干扰及不合理用地布局将影响风景区的可持续发展,梳理风景区景观格局动态变化特征对于指导风景区合理规划及促进生态稳定具有重要意义。【方法】以山东省蒙山风景区为研究对象,在ENVI技术支持下解译其2003、2008、2013、2015年遥感影像并借助景观格局指数分析软件Fragstats栅格版进行定量分析。【结果】基于2003-2015年蒙山风景区景观格局指数分析结合景观现状评估显示:(1)研究期间林地、耕地类型缩减与建筑用地扩张是该时期风景区发展的典型特征,林地向耕地转化、耕地向林地转化、耕地向建筑用地转化是风景区景观类型转移最主要的3种方式,转换面积分别为1 760.49、1 197.27和1 497.15 hm^2,依次集中于边缘区、边缘区、外围区。(2)风景区整体破碎化程度呈现波动性变化,其中2008年为风景区破碎度最低的一年,同时也是林地类型破碎度最低的一年。(3)典型空间结构上,风景区各个分区破碎程度排序为边缘区>外围区>核心区,边缘区破碎化程度高,生态较为脆弱。(4)景观各类型均呈波动式变化,其中建筑用地破碎化加剧最为显著。【结论】风景区研究始末对比破碎度加剧,林地、建筑用地是影响景观格局稳定的关键因子,特别是边缘区林地、建筑用地布局应引起重点关注,同时破碎化程度不是判定景区发展的唯一因子,应结合景观品质的判定综合考量。[Objective] The landscape structure of scenic spots changes constantly with human activities,excessive human disturbance and unreasonable land use layout will affect the sustainable development of scenic spots. Sorting out the dynamic change characteristics of scenic landscape pattern is of great significance for guiding the rational planning of scenic spots and promoting ecological stability.[Method] Taking Mengshan Scenic Spot in Shandong Province of eastern China as the research object,remote sensing images in 2003, 2008, 2013 and 2015 were interpreted under the support of ENVI technology, and quantitative analysis was conducted with the help of Fragstats grid software for landscape pattern index analysis. [Result] Based on the analysis of the landscape pattern index of Mengshan Scenic Spot from 2003 to 2015, the assessment of the landscape status showed that:(1) during the study period, the typical characteristics of scenic spot development in this period are the reduction of woodland and farmland and the expansion of building land. The conversion of woodland to farmland, the conversion of farmland to woodland and the conversion of farmland to building land are the three most important ways for the transfer of scenic landscape type. The conversion areas are 1 760.49, 1 197.27 and 1 497.15 ha, respectively, which are concentrated in the marginal area, marginal area and peripheral area successively.(2) The overall fragmentation degree of the scenic area shows fluctuating changes. Among them, year 2008 is not only the year with the lowest degree of fragmentation in scenic areas, but also the year with the lowest degree of fragmentation in woodland types.(3) In terms of the typical spatial structure, the degree of fragmentation in the three zones of scenic spots is sorted into the marginal area > peripheral area > core area, the degree of fragmentation in the marginal area is high and the ecology is fragile.(4) All types of landscape fragmentation show fluctuating changes, among which the fragmentation of buildin

关 键 词：蒙山风景区 风景园林 景观格局 破碎化 

分 类 号：S731.3[农业科学—林学]