叶尖碰摩诱发的转子系统振动响应数值分析与试验研究  

Numerical Analysis and Experimental Investigation of Blade Tip Rubbing-induced Vibration Responses of Rotor System

作　　者：太兴宇[1,2] 杨树华[1,3] 马辉[4] 张勇[1] 褚福磊[2] TAI Xingyu;YANG Shuhua;MA Hui;ZHANG Yong;CHU Fulei(R&D Department,Shenyang Blower Works Group Corporation,Shenyang 110869;School of Mechanical Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084;School of Energy and Power Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024;School of Mechanical Engineering&Automation,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819)

机构地区：[1]沈阳鼓风机集团股份有限公司研究院,沈阳110869 [2]清华大学机械工程学院,北京100084 [3]大连理工大学能源与动力学院,大连116024 [4]东北大学机械工程与自动化学院,沈阳110819

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2019年第19期112-120,共9页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：《天然气液化用大型混合冷剂压缩机研制》项目(工信部联装[2014]500号);中青年科技创新人才支持计划(RC180150);国家自然科学基金(11772089,U1808214)资助项目

摘　　要：针对透平机械中叶尖碰摩诱发的转子系统振动问题,基于转子-叶片-定子耦合系统模型,通过对叶尖碰摩过程的数学表征,采用谐波平衡法和Newmark-β法,分别对转定子的稳态响应和瞬态响应进行数值计算,并分析了不同参数对系统振动响应的影响。通过分析发现,叶尖碰摩下的转定子稳态响应会呈现出"硬式"非线性特征;偏移量增加会导致峰值偏移提前,非线性特征更明显;接触刚度增加使得系统的振动加剧,并且离散性增加;叶片数增加后,"削峰"现象更加明显。由于定子的约束,系统的瞬态响应峰值明显被限制了,同时,在过临界转速后,系统会出现一个不稳定运动,使得系统振动出现瞬时增加。除了仿真分析,还基于转子-叶片碰摩试验台,对叶尖单侧碰摩下的转子和定子振动位移进行了测试。从测试结果可知,转轴的振动响应也会体现叶片的振动特征,而从定子的振动响应中可以看出由于转子涡动导致的频率调制现象。Aiming to the blade tip rubbing-induced vibration of a rotor system, based on the rotor-blade-stator coupling system model, the numerical calculation of steady and transient responses of the rotor and stator was done by using harmonic balance method and Newmark-β method, and the effect of various parameters on vibration responses was also analyzed. The result shows that: the "hard" nonlinear characteristic is presented in the steady responses of rotor and stator under blade-tip rubbing;the increment of offset can bring the peak-shift forward and the nonlinear characteristic is more obvious;the contact stiffness can aggravate the vibration and discreteness;"peak clipping" can be more obvious as the number of blade increasing. Due to the restraint of stator, the peak of transient response is restricted obviously. Meanwhile, the unsteady motion that makes the vibration of the system increasing instantaneously can be found. In addition to simulation analysis, the rubbing vibration displacements of the rotor and stator were measured based on a rotor-blade rubbing rig. The test result shows that: the vibration characteristics of blade is reflected in the shaft responses, and the frequency modulation caused by rotor whirling can be presented in vibration responses of the stator.

关 键 词：叶尖碰摩 数值分析 试验研究 转子系统 稳态和瞬态响应 

分 类 号：TH113[机械工程—机械设计及理论]