变法·更化·变质——试论北宋晚期历史叙事三部曲的形成  

Reform,Retrogression and Deterioration:The Formation of Narrative Trilogy on the Late Northern Song Dynasty

作　　者：张呈忠 ZHANG Chengzhong

机构地区：[1]上海大学历史学系

出　　处：《历史教学问题》2019年第5期49-57,143,共10页History Research And Teaching

摘　　要：以王安石为中心的"变法",以司马光为中心的"更化",以蔡京为中心的"变质",构成了北宋晚期历史叙事的主流三部曲。"王安石变法"的本来含义是"王安石变乱祖宗法度",这种表达最早出现在元祐时期编纂的《神宗实录》之中,南宋绍兴修史继承了这一观念。元祐之政在南宋具有典范意义,"元祐更化"的说法是南宋"更化"政治理念在元祐历史上的投射。近代以来"变法"的含义转为正面,意义相当于"改革",而"更化"一词本身所具有的"善治"含义不再彰显。新法"变质"说主要是为王安石变法辩诬,其形成与近代以来的国家主义、阶级分析法、商品经济论等新思潮密切相关。The historical narratives on political activities of Wang Anshi,Sima Guang and Cai Jing in the late Northern Song Dynasty formed a trilogy.The original meaning of "Wang Anshi Bianfa" was "Wang Anshi destroyed the imperial ancestors’ instructions",which first appeared in the Shenzong Shilu compiled in the Yuanyou period and was inherited in the Shaoxing period of the Southern Song Dynasty.The Yuanyou rule was seen as the political model and "Yuanyou Genghua" was regarded as the restoration of institution by the Southern Song scholars.In the modern time,however,"Bianfa" had a positive meaning,which was equivalent to "reform",while the meaning of "good governance" in the phrase "Genghua" was no longer obvious.The viewpoint that the New Policies were ruined by Caijing was mainly to recognize Wang Anshi’s contribution.It was closely related to such new thoughts as nationalism,class analysis,and commercialism in the modern period.

关 键 词：北宋晚期 历史叙事 王安石变法 元祐更化 新法“变质”说 

分 类 号：I20[文学—中国文学]