Elastic anisotropy and its influencing factors in organic-rich marine shale of southern China  

作　　者：Zichun LIU Feng ZHANG Xiangyang LI 

机构地区：[1]College of Geophysics,China University of Petroleum (Beijing)

出　　处：《Science China Earth Sciences》2019年第11期1805-1818,共14页中国科学（地球科学英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project (Grant No. 2017ZX05018005);the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41474096, 41574108);the CNPC Science Research and Technology Development Project (Grant No. 2019A-3308)

摘　　要：Shale is observed to have strong anisotropy due to its unique mineralogy and microstructure, and this anisotropy property has significant impact on seismic and well-log data. The organic-rich marine shale in the southern and eastern Sichuan Basin is one of the most important shale-gas reservoir formations in China. To investigate the elastic anisotropy of this shale and its influencing factors, we performed ultrasonic velocity measurements, X-ray diffraction analysis, rock-eval pyrolysis and vitrinite reflectance measurement on the samples from the Upper Ordovician Wufeng Formation and the Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation. The experimental results show the that:(1) the velocity anisotropy of the Wufeng-Longmaxi(WL) shale varies from 10% to 50%, and most samples have strong anisotropy;(2) the P-and S-wave anisotropy parameters(Thomsen's εand γ) increase with clay contents, but this relationship can be greatly affected by the clay orientation index;(3) organic matter content(OMC) is found to have little influence in seismic anisotropy for the over mature WL shale, whereas the OMC determines the magnitude of anisotropy of immature/mature shales(e.g. the Bakken shale or the Bazhenov shale) according to the published literatures, because organic matters in shales of different maturity have different morphologies and distributions;(4) the OMC of WL shale has positive correlation with quartz content, and this weakens the correlation between OMC and the magnitude of anisotropy to a certain extent. The results of this study provide an important rock-physics basis and data support for seismic anisotropy exploration, quantitative interpretation and resource evaluation of the organic-rich marine shales in southern China.Shale is observed to have strong anisotropy due to its unique mineralogy and microstructure, and this anisotropy property has significant impact on seismic and well-log data. The organic-rich marine shale in the southern and eastern Sichuan Basin is one of the most important shale-gas reservoir formations in China. To investigate the elastic anisotropy of this shale and its influencing factors, we performed ultrasonic velocity measurements, X-ray diffraction analysis, rock-eval pyrolysis and vitrinite reflectance measurement on the samples from the Upper Ordovician Wufeng Formation and the Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation. The experimental results show the that:(1) the velocity anisotropy of the Wufeng-Longmaxi(WL) shale varies from 10% to 50%, and most samples have strong anisotropy;(2) the P-and S-wave anisotropy parameters(Thomsen’s εand γ) increase with clay contents, but this relationship can be greatly affected by the clay orientation index;(3) organic matter content(OMC) is found to have little influence in seismic anisotropy for the over mature WL shale, whereas the OMC determines the magnitude of anisotropy of immature/mature shales(e.g. the Bakken shale or the Bazhenov shale) according to the published literatures, because organic matters in shales of different maturity have different morphologies and distributions;(4) the OMC of WL shale has positive correlation with quartz content, and this weakens the correlation between OMC and the magnitude of anisotropy to a certain extent. The results of this study provide an important rock-physics basis and data support for seismic anisotropy exploration, quantitative interpretation and resource evaluation of the organic-rich marine shales in southern China.

关 键 词：Seismic rock physics Elastic anisotropy SHALE Organic MATTER CLAY MINERAL 

分 类 号：P61[天文地球—矿床学]