基于物种敏感性分布(SSD)的耐盐与Pb低吸收小麦筛选研究及应用  

Screening Low Pb-uptake and High Salinity Tolerance Wheat Cultivars Using Species Sensitivity Distribution (SSD) and Its Application

作　　者：孟楠 王萌 雷小琴 陈莉 郑涵 陈世宝 MENG Nan;WANG Meng;LEI Xiaoqin;CHEN Li;ZHENG Han;CHEN Shibao(Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Institute of Plant Protection and Environment Protection,Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100097,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,农业部植物营养与肥料重点实验室,北京100081 [2]北京市农林科学院植物保护环境保护研究所,北京100097

出　　处：《应用基础与工程科学学报》2019年第5期947-956,共10页Journal of Basic Science and Engineering

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1610132018041);国家支撑计划课题(2015BAD05B03);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YDF0800707,2017YFD0800900)

摘　　要：盐胁迫与重金属污染是导致污灌区土壤退化的主要因子,耐盐与重金属低吸收特征的小麦品种的筛选对污灌区农田安全利用具有重要意义.本文采集了河北某典型污灌区农田表层(0~20cm)土壤,通过外源添加0.4%NaCl盐化处理后进行盆栽试验,基于不同小麦耐盐指数(STi)与Pb富集系数(1/BCF)的物种敏感性分布(SSD)特征,对具有耐盐、Pb低吸收小麦品种进行筛选.结果表明:盐分胁迫对不同小麦的植株生长产生显著的抑制效应,基于地上部生物量的不同小麦耐盐指数范围为0.49~1.04,其中最小耐盐指数为中麦415,最大的为轮选987.不同小麦基于耐盐指数大小的SSD顺序为:轮选987>中优9507>中麦1062>中麦996>轮选1690>中麦816>中麦175>中麦14>中优206>中麦415.不同小麦茎叶与根对Pb的富集系数间存在显著(p<0.05)差异,其中,小麦茎叶对Pb富集系数从0.013(中麦1062)~0.073(中优206),最大相差5.80倍,小麦根对Pb富集系数从0.129(中优206)~0.223(中麦14),最大相差1.72倍.基于茎叶Pb富集系数(1/BCF)的SSD顺序为:中麦1062>轮选987>中麦996>中麦816>轮选1690>中麦415>中优9507>中麦14>中麦175>中优206;据此筛选出了具有耐盐与Pb低吸收的小麦品种为中麦1062与轮选987.基于SSD模型中保护95%物种安全的风险阈值(HC5)判断,中优206的1/BCF测定值为13.7,小于HC5值(14.4),为该污灌区土壤不宜种植的Pb敏感性品种.研究结果可为盐分胁迫下污灌区Pb污染农田的安全利用提供参考.High salinity and heavy metal pollution are the main limiting factors for the degradation of sewage irrigation soils.Screening low-metal crop cultivars characteristed with salt tolerance can be important for the safe crop cultivation for the polluted irrigation field soils.In this study,a typical sewage irrigation field soil(0~20 cm) polluted by Pb was collected;the soil were salinizated with 0.4% NaCl(w/w) addition and incubated 14 d before experimental test.To screen the low-Pb wheat cultivars,a pot experiments was conducted to investigate the difference of bioconcentration factor(BCF) of Pb among the tested wheat cultivars,the characteristics of Pb-sensitiveness among the cultivars were also measured using species sensitivity distribution model(BUR-III).The results showed that the inhibitory effects of salt stress on wheat growth differed significantly(p<0.05),the salt tolerance index(STi) based on shoot biomass for tested cultivars ranged from 0.49 to 1.04,the smallest STi(0.49) was observed with Zhongmai415 and the largest STI(1.04) with Lunxuan987.The distribution frequency based on the salt tolerance index(STi) followed the order of Lunxuan987>Zhongyou9507>Zhongmai1062>Zhongmai996>Lunxuan1690>Zhongmai816>Zhongmai175>Zhongmai14>Zhongyou206>Zhongmai415.Significant differences(p<0.05) were observed for the biocentration factors(BCFs) of Pb by the shoots and roots of the cultivars.The BCF of Pb by wheat shoots ranged from 0.013(Zhongmai1062) to 0.073(Zhongyou206),with a maximum 5.80 folds difference;while for the BCF of Pb of wheat roots,the BCF of Pb for roots ranged from 0.129(Zhongyou206) to 0.223(Zhongmai14),with a maximum 1.72 folds variation.The distribution frequency based on the BCF-Pb for shoots among wheat cultivars followed the order of:Zhongmai1062>Lunxuan987>Zhongmai996>Zhongmai816>Lunxuan1690>Zhongmai415>Zhongyou9507>Zhongmai14>Zhongmai175>Zhongyou206.By combing the result of salt tolerance index(STi) and shoot BCF of Pb by wheat cultivars,Zhongmai1062 and Lunxuan987 were screened as the safe whe

关 键 词：污灌土壤 铅 盐胁迫 小麦 物种敏感性分布 

分 类 号：X703.5[环境科学与工程—环境工程]