微纳米CL-20颗粒级配对低共熔DNAN/TNT基熔铸炸药性能的影响  

Effects of Particle Gradation of Micro-nano CL-20 on the Properties of Eutectic DNAN/TNT-Based Castable Explosives

作　　者：宁可 张哲 肖磊[1] 郭双峰 苟兵旺[3] 杨超煜 胡玉冰 郝嘎子 姜炜[1] NING Ke;ZHANG Zhe;XIAO Lei;GUO Shuang feng;GOU Bing wang;YANG Chao yu;HU Yu bing;HAO Ga zi;JIANG Wei(National Special Superfine Powder Engineer Research Center,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China;Shanghai Space Propulsion Technology Research Institute,Huzhou 313000,China;Xi’an Modern Chemistry Research Institute,Xi’an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学化工学院国家特种超细粉体工程技术研究中心,江苏南京210094 [2]上海航天动力技术研究所,浙江湖州313000 [3]西安近代化学研究所,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《含能材料》2019年第11期915-922,共8页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

基　　金：国家安全重大基础研究项目;基础产品创新火炸药专项;装备预研兵器工业联合基金

摘　　要：为了获得高能高强熔铸炸药,以2,4?二硝基苯甲醚(DNAN)和三硝基甲苯(TNT)为低共熔载体,六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷(CL?20)为高能组分,采用浇铸成型工艺,成功制备了CL?20/DNAN/TNT熔铸炸药。研究了微纳米CL?20颗粒级配以及N?甲基?4?硝基苯胺、三?(2?氯乙基)磷酸酯、邻苯二酚三种功能助剂对CL?20/DNAN/TNT熔铸炸药性能的影响。对制备的CL?20基熔铸炸药分别进行了扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、粘度、密度及均一性、X射线衍射(XRD)、机械感度、力学性能以及爆速等分析测试。结果表明,当原料粗颗粒CL?20和100 nm CL?20的质量比为70:30,添加0.5%三?(2?氯乙基)磷酸酯时,制备的熔铸炸药表面光滑,内部无明显缺陷,密度均一性好,与只含有粗颗粒CL?20的熔铸炸药相比,其撞击感度降低了32.7%,摩擦感度降低了57.1%,抗压强度从7.93 MPa提高到33.74 MPa,抗拉强度从3.48 MPa提高到4.94 MPa,爆速从8188 m·s-1提高到8225 m·s-1。In order to obtain castable explosive with high energy and high mechanical strength,CL?20/DNAN/TNT castable explosive was successfully prepared by casting process with 2,4?dinitroanisole(DNAN)and trinitrotoluene(TNT)as low eutectic carriers and hexanitrohexaazoisowurtziane(CL?20)as high energy component.The effects of micro?nano CL?20 particle grading and three functional assistants of N?methyl?4?nitroaniline,tris?(2?chloroethyl)phosphate and catechol on the properties of CL?20/DNAN/TNT castable explosives were investigated.The prepared CL?20?based castable explosives were characterized by SEM,viscosity,density,XRD,mechanical sensitivity,mechanical properties and detonation speed.When the mass ratio of bulk CL?20 to 100 nm CL?20 was 70:30 and 0.5%tri?(2?chloroethyl)phosphate was added,the castable explosive had smooth surface,no obvious internal defects and good density uniformity.Compared with the castable explosive with coarse CL?20,the impact and friction sensitivity was reduced by 32.7%and 57.1%,respectively.The compressive and tensile strength was increased from 7.93 MPa and 3.48 MPa to 33.74 MPa and 4.94 MPa,respectively.The detonation speed was increased by 37.0 m·s-1 from 8188 m·s-1 to 8225 m·s-1.

关 键 词：熔铸炸药 三硝基甲苯(TNT) 2 4-二硝基苯甲醚(DNAN) 六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷(CL-20) 低共熔 颗粒级配 性能 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O64[理学—物理化学]