基于平衡油缸的势能回收系统参数匹配与试验  

Parameters matching and experiment of potential energy recovery system based on balance cylinder

作　　者：林贵堃 胡鹏[1,2] 龚进 Lin Guikun;Hu Peng;Gong Jin(The State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China;Sunward Intelligent Equipment Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410100,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学高性能复杂制造国家重点实验室,长沙410083 [2]山河智能装备股份有限公司,长沙410100

出　　处：《现代制造工程》2019年第11期129-135,共7页Modern Manufacturing Engineering

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAA04B01);湖南省重点研发计划项目(2016GK2032)

摘　　要：在液压挖掘机动臂下降时,大量的重力势能经液压阀口节流转化成热能而耗散,不仅浪费了能源,还对系统产生温升,造成冷却系统额外损耗。为解决上述问题,提出一种基于平衡油缸的势能回收系统,采用平衡油缸与驱动油缸交互驱动的结构,使蓄能器中液压油得到循环冷却。以动臂动作可控性、蓄能器能量密度及使用寿命为约束条件,对系统中动臂油缸、蓄能器等元件工作参数进行匹配;利用AMESim软件建立系统仿真模型,对蓄能器工作压力、容积等参数进行优化,并据此搭建基于平衡油缸势能回收系统的某30 t级液压挖掘机样机,实验结果表明:在动臂上升时,势能回收系统驱动油缸无杆腔压力相比于传统双动臂油缸驱动系统可降低3 MPa以上,并可减少液压泵50%的流量输出;在动臂上升和下降整个过程中,可节能约25%。When the hydraulic excavator boom drops,a large number of gravitational potential energy is converted into heat energy and dissipated through the throttling effect of hydraulic valves,which not only wastes energy,but also causes temperature rising of the hydraulic oil,resulting in additional loss of cooling system.In order to solve the above problem,a kind of potential energy recovery system based on the balance cylinder was proposed,and the hydraulic oil in the accumulator is circulated by the structure which is driven by the balance cylinder and the driving cylinders alternately.Taking the controllability of the boom,the energy density and the life time of the accumulator as constrain conditions,the parameters of boom cylinders and the hydraulic accumulator were matched.Also,the precharge pressure,the working pressure and volume of the hydraulic accumulator were optimized by AMESim simulation.With the parameters,a 30 ton hydraulic excavator based on the proposed system was established.The experimental results show that,when the boom rises,the pressure of the non-rod chamber of the driving cylinders in the proposed system can reduced more than 3 MPa and the output flowrate of the hydraulic pump can reduced 50%compared with the traditional double cylinder driving system.During the whole period including boom rise and drop,the energy saving is about 25%.

关 键 词：平衡油缸 能量回收 液压挖掘机 参数匹配 

分 类 号：U415[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]