基于ICF老年人体育活动与功能康复研究  

Effects of Physical Activities on Functioning and Health for Aging People Using ICF

作　　者：黄珂 王国祥[1,2] 邱卓英 李安巧 马洪卓[2,3] HUANG Ke;WANG Guo-xiang;QIU Zhuo-ying;LI An-qiao;MA Hong-zhuo(School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences,Research Center of Sport Rehabilitation,Soochow University,Suzhou,Jiangsu 215021,China;WHO Family of International Classifications Collaborating Center in China,Beijing 100068,China;China Academy of ICF,Weifang,Shandong 261053,China;Research Institute of Rehabilitation Information,China Rehabilitation Research Centre/China Rehabilitation Science Institute,Beijing 100068,China;China Key Laboratory of Classification,Evaluation and Rehabilitation Sport of Intellectual and Development Disability,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou,Henan 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学体育学院/苏州大学运动康复研究中心,江苏苏州市215021 [2]世界卫生组织国际分类家族中国合作中心,北京市100068 [3]中国ICF研究院,山东潍坊市261053 [4]中国康复研究中心/中国康复科学所康复信息研究所,北京市100068 [5]中国智力和发展性残疾分级、评估与康复(运动)重点实验室,郑州大学,河南郑州市450001

出　　处：《中国康复理论与实践》2019年第11期1248-1254,共7页Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(No.19BTY125);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(重大科学研究引导基金项目)(No.2017CZ-7; No.2018CZ-4)~~

摘　　要：目的基于ICF的理论和方法,探讨老年人身体活动与功能发展模式,研究体育活动对老年人身体功能、活动和参与功能以及相关的环境因素和个人健康行为方式的影响。方法采用ICF理论模式和方法以及文献研究方法。结果构建基于ICF架构的老年人体育活动与整体功能发展模式;体育活动对老年人整体功能和日常活动与参与能力有积极影响;不同运动方式改善老年人体适能、运动功能和认知功能。结论基于ICF生物-心理-社会的功能模式构建了老年人体育活动与老年功能健康的理论架构。老年人的体育活动有助于老年人的功能健康,表现为整体功能、功能独立性和日常生活活动能力的提升,并能改善其体适能和认知功能。不同体育活动对老年人身体功能的影响存在一定差异:中等至中高强度的有氧(耐力)体育活动使发病和死亡的相对风险降低30%以上,体育活动可以延缓或预防老年人认知功能的衰退,长期同时进行抗阻运动和有氧运动的健康老年人能降低痴呆风险。Objective To explore the developmental model of physical activities and function of older adults in the perspective of ICF to research the influence of physical activities on their body function, activity and participation, including related environmental factors and personal health behavior.Methods Theory and methods of ICF had been implemented.Results A framework of physical activities and overall function for aging people was developed based on ICF. Physical activities positively affected on the overall function, activities of daily living and participation for aging people.Different exercises played different roles on fitness, motor function and cognitive function.Conclusion The theoretical framework of physical activities and functional health for aging people has been established based on the bio-psycho-social model of ICF. For aging people, physical activities contribute to improvement of functioning and health, such as overall function, functional independence and activities of daily living, as well as physical fitness, and cognitive function. There are different effects of different types of sports on the body function for aging people. Moderate to moderate-vigorous aerobic(endurance) exercise could reduce 30% or more the risks of morbidity and mortality. Exercise and sports may delay or prevent the impairment of cognitive function. Long-term resistance exercise and aerobic exercise can reduce the risk of dementia.

关 键 词：国际功能、残疾和健康分类 体育活动 老年 日常生活活动 运动处方 

分 类 号：R165[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]