基于轨迹优化的返回式滑翔飞行器最小航程影响因素分析  

Analysis of the Impact Factors for the Minimum-Range of the Reentry Glide Vehicle Based on Trajectory Optimization

作　　者：许泽宇[1] 王洪波[1] 康永来 李建府 李亚辉[1] Xu Ze-yu;Wang Hong-bo;Kang Yong-lai;Li Jian-fu;Li Ya-hui(China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology,Beijing,100076)

机构地区：[1]中国运载火箭技术研究院

出　　处：《导弹与航天运载技术》2019年第5期7-11,共5页Missiles and Space Vehicles

摘　　要：为使返回式滑翔飞行器实现最小航程,对最小航程影响因素进行了探讨,主要包括初始状态、终端终态、质量规模、约束条件等。以类CAV-H返回式滑翔飞行器为研究对象,建立了空间运动的坐标体系和运动学模型,给出了飞行约束体系,通过伪谱法和序列二次规划等方法进行轨迹优化。仿真结果表明:适中的初始高度有利于实现最小航程;为了实现最小航程,飞行器需要保持接近最大升阻比攻角去做三维空间机动飞行;适当减小初始速度能获得比较可观的最小航程;初始倾角可取小量负值,能在高效获得航程最小的同时兼顾热流密度;初始航向角适当偏离标称航向时,有利于获得最小航程;为了实现最小航程,在不同初始条件下需要合理地选择返回角/末端航向角;适中的滑翔终端高度有利于实现最小航程;适当增加或减轻飞行器质量有利于实现最小航程;放宽约束条件有利于最小航程的实现。通过基于轨迹优化的返回式滑翔飞行器最小航程影响因素分析,可以指导最小航程的设计与实现。With the purpose to obtain the minimum-range of the reentry glide vehicle, a lot of factors can be draw into consideration, such as initial conditions, terminal states, the mass, and the constraints. With the dynamic equations and the constraints built in the established coordinate system, the Pseudospectral Method and Sequence Quadratic Programming are adopted in optimization simulation, which based on the look-like CAV-H vehicle. All factors are involved in the optimal trajectory one by one, and the result can be draw into some conclusions as follows: a mid value of height is more suitable than a higher or lower height to gain the minimum range;the angle of attack with almost max lift-drag ratio is also benefit to acquire the minimum range;a little initial-velocity decrease can reduce the range greatly and properly;a small negative initial trajectory angle is useful to gain the minimum range, and at the same time it can also diminish the thermal flow;initial bias course-angle, which is a little off but not too much off the nominal course, can get the minimum range;terminal angle of arrival, with condition of different initial bias course-angle, can be chosen to acquire the minimum range;a mid value of terminal height is more appropriate than a higher or lower terminal height;much or less mass are both useful to gain the minimum range;less or weaker constraints are also helpful to achieve the minimum range. With the analysis of the impact factors for the minimum-range of the reentry glide vehicle based on trajectory optimization, the design of minimum-range can be instructed.

关 键 词：最小航程 约束体系 滑翔机动 轨迹优化 影响因素 

分 类 号：V417[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]