早熟优质李新品种‘早红香’的选育  

’Zaohongxiang’, a superior early-maturing plum cultivar

作　　者：黄振宇 夏乐晗 陈龙 魏望 任帅 崔泽轩 冯义彬[1] 陈玉玲[1] HUANG Zhenyu;XIA Lehan;CHEN Long;WEI Wang;REN Shuai;CUI Zexuan;FENG Yibin;CHEN Yuling(Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute,CAAS,Zhengzhou 450009,Henan,China;Kaifeng Forest Technology Extension Station,Kaifeng 475000,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所,郑州450009 [2]开封市林业技术推广站,河南开封475000

出　　处：《果树学报》2019年第11期1603-1606,共4页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：中国农业科学院科技创新工程专项经费项目（CAAS-ASTIP-2016-ZFRI）;中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项（1610192019206）

摘　　要：‘早红香’李是以美国引进品种‘红美丽’李为母本,以日本引进品种‘大石早生’李为父本杂交选育而成的早熟优质李新品种。该品种树势较为健壮,树姿开张,花芽在3月中旬萌动,于3月末进入盛花期,花期约7 d左右,叶芽在3月下旬萌动,4月上旬开始展叶,11月中旬进入落叶期,树体营养生长持续约220 d;果实5月底至6月初成熟,果实发育期约66 d,果实近圆形,平均单果质量约56 g,果皮光亮,有果粉,阳面呈红色,果肉为黄色,肉厚质细,纤维极少,风味酸甜适度,具芳香味;果实可溶性固形物含量16.1%,pH值为6.1,维生素C含量(w,后同)86.8 mg·kg^-1,可溶性糖含量8.31%,还原糖含量2.84%,总酸含量1.81%;1 a(年)生嫁接苗定植后2 a即可结果,4 a后进入盛果期,以短果枝、花束状果枝结果为主,区试测算5年生树的株产可达36.0 kg以上。该品种在河南及周边省市李树适生区均可栽植。’Zaohongxiang’,an early-ripening plum cultivar,was newly selected out among 65 hybrids derived from the cross between the American-introduced plum cultivar‘Red Beauty’(female parent)and the Japan-introduced plum cultivar‘Oishiwase’(male parent).The hybrid cross was made in 2006 and‘Zaohongxiang’plum was approved by the Approval Committee for Improved Varieties of Forest Tree of Henan Province in December,2018.The fruit shape of‘Zaohongxiang’plum is near globose with attract appearance and the average fruit weight is 56.0 g,and the maximum fruit weight is 76.0 g.The fruit is symmetry,the apex is light round bulge,the suture is deep,and the cavity is deep and wide.The fruit ground color of‘Zaohongxiang’plum is yellowish green and it turns to be bright red at full ripening stage.The peel of‘Zaohongxiang’plum fruit is medium thick and covered with heavy skin powder.The flesh of‘Zaohongxiang’plum is yellow in color,crisp and delicate in texture,with a low fiber content,and the edible rate can reach up to 98.3%.The fruit is with very rich in juice,with balanced sugar/acid ratio and intense fruity aroma.The fruit soluble solids content is 16.1%,the total soluble sugar content is 8.31%,the reducing sugar content is 2.84%,the total acid content is 1.81%,and the vitamin C content is 86.8 mg·kg^-1.‘Zaohongxiang’plum is clingstone and the stone is oblate in shape,the average dry stone weight is approximately 1.2 g.The longitudinal diameter,transverse diameter,and side diameter of stone is 2.05 cm,1.41 cm,and 0.82 cm,respectively.The fruit can be stored at room temperature for about 15-20 days.The tree habit is spreading and tree vigor is strong.The color of perennial branch is dark grey,and one year branch is reddish brown in color.The habit of one year branch is titled and it is smooth with no pubescence.The internode length is 1.34 cm,and the lenticel is dense and small,grey white in color and elliptical in shape.The flower is with five petals and is white in color,with one pistil and 3

关 键 词：李 新品种 '早红香’ 优质 早熟 风味芳香 

分 类 号：S662.3[农业科学—果树学]