婴幼儿排尿训练对儿童排尿异常影响的调查分析  

The survey analysis of voiding training in infants on the voiding dysfunction in children

作　　者：花朝阳 汪玺正 马源[2] 王一鹤 韩中将 何翔飞[2] 李云龙[2] 冯锦锦[2] 李延伟[2] 李守林[3] 郎景和[4] 文建国[2] Hua Chaoyang;Wang Xizheng;Ma Yuan;Wang Yihe;Han Zhongjiang;He Xiangfei;Li Yunlong;Feng Jinjin;Li Yanwei;Li Shoulin;Lang Jinghe;Wen Jianguo(Department of Urology,Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University,Henan Children's Hospital,Zhengzhou Children's Hospital,Zhengzhou 450018,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学附属儿童医院、河南省儿童医院、郑州儿童医院泌尿外科,河省南郑州市450018 [2]郑州大学第一附属医院小儿尿动力学中心,河南省郑州市450052 [3]深圳市儿童医院泌尿外科,广东省深圳市518038 [4]中国医学科学院北京协和医院妇产科,北京市100730

出　　处：《临床小儿外科杂志》2019年第11期948-952,共5页Journal of Clinical Pediatric Surgery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:81670689);河南省科技厅国际合作重点项目(编号:182102410002)

摘　　要：目的调查分析婴幼儿排尿训练对儿童排尿异常的影响。方法采用无记名问卷调查形式,遵循随机化原则对河南、深圳等省市幼儿园和小学的3~12岁儿童进行回顾性调查。按小儿出生后开始排尿训练的时间分为三组:A组≤12月龄、B组12~18月龄、C组18~30月龄,比较每组≥3岁儿童日间尿失禁和≥5岁儿童夜间遗尿的发生率。结果实际发放调查问卷15010份,有效问卷11410份,问卷有效应答率为76.02%。日间尿失禁和夜间遗尿总体发生率分别为7.84%和10.66%。其中,日间尿失禁和夜间遗尿的发生率分别为:A组6.82%和8.69%、B组9.62%和14.34%、C组10.54%和16.55%。A组排尿异常的发生率显著低于B、C两组(P<0.05)。出生12个月之后开始接受排尿训练的婴幼儿长大后发生排尿异常的风险显著增高(P<0.05)。结论婴幼儿在出生后12个月之内开始接受把尿训练,能有效减少儿童期排尿异常的发生。Objective To explore the effect of voiding training on voiding dysfunction in infants.Methods Through anonymous questionnaires,children aged from 3 to 12 months were surveyed retrospectively and randomly at kindergartens and primary schools from Henan Province and Shenzhen Municipality.According to the postnatal beginning time of voiding training,children were divided into group A≤12 months,group B 12~18 months and group C 18~30 months.The prevalence of daytime urinary incontinence(DUI,aged≥3 years)or nocturnal enuresis(NE,aged≥5 years)was compared among 3 groups.Results A total of 15,010 questionnaires were distributed actually and there were 11,410 valid questionnaires with an effective response rate of 76.02%.The prevalence of DUI and NE was 7.84%(894/11410)and 10.66%(1060/9940)respectively,whereas the prevalence 6.82%&8.69%,9.62%&14.34%and 10.54%&16.55%in groups A,B and C respectively.In group A,the prevalence of voiding dysfunction was significantly lower than that of other two groups(P<0.05).As compared with infants beginning voiding training later than 12 months,the risks of voiding dysfunction were significantly higher than those earlier than 12 months.Conclusion Voiding training earlier than 12 months is beneficial for developing voiding management and minimizing the occurrence of voiding dysfunction in infants.

关 键 词：排尿训练 尿失禁 遗尿症 儿童 

分 类 号：R726.9[医药卫生—儿科] R694.53[医药卫生—临床医学]