不同年龄段孕妇胎儿畸形差异性的产前筛查及优生遗传咨询  

Prenatal screening and eugenic genetic counseling for differences in fetal malformations in pregnant women of different ages

作　　者：梁政巧 丁文清[1] 奚嘉婧 LIANG Zheng-qiao;DING Wen-qing;XI Jia-jing(Longgang District Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518172)

机构地区：[1]深圳市龙岗区妇幼保健院

出　　处：《中国优生与遗传杂志》2019年第10期1223-1226,共4页Chinese Journal of Birth Health & Heredity

摘　　要：目的回顾性分析不同年龄段孕妇产前筛查出的胎儿畸形差异性与优生遗传咨询。方法选取2015年5月~2018年4月在我院进行产前筛查的孕妇12796例作为研究对象,按照年龄段将孕妇分为<20岁、20~25岁、26~30岁、31~35岁、>35岁共5个年龄段,将产前筛查结果与经引产或分娩证实胎儿畸形结果进行比较分析,计算产前筛查胎儿畸形的准确率,统计分析产前筛查胎儿畸形、胎儿6大严重畸形以及畸形数目。结果产前筛选出胎儿畸形143例,经引产或分娩证实胎儿畸形149例,漏诊6例,产前筛选胎儿畸形准确率为95.97%,漏诊率为4.03%。产前筛选胎儿畸形与经引产或分娩证实胎儿畸形,均为<20岁孕妇胎儿畸形检出率最高,26~30岁孕妇胎儿畸形检出率最低,5个年龄段胎儿畸形率产前筛选差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。产前筛选出20例6大严重畸形,占产前筛查胎儿畸形比例为13.99%,经引产或分娩证实6大严重畸形23例,占经引产或分娩证实胎儿畸形比例15.44%,均为<20岁孕妇6大畸形比例最高,26~30岁孕妇6大畸形检出率最低。产前筛选中,<20岁孕妇染色体异常4例,占比36.36%;经引产或分娩证实中,<20岁孕妇染色体异常5例,占比35.71%,>35岁孕妇也是染色体异常4例,占比19.05%。结论产前筛查能够大概率的检测出胎儿畸形,其中孕妇年龄过小或者过大均易发生胎儿畸形、6大严重畸形以及多发畸形等,优生遗传咨询能够科学合理地对指导育龄夫妇,有效降低胎儿畸形,达到优生优育。Objective:To retrospectively analyze the difference of fetal malformation and healthy birth consultation in prenatal screening of pregnant women of different ages.Methods:A total of 12796 pregnant women who underwent prenatal screening in our hospital from May 2015 to April 2018 were selected as subjects.The pregnant women were divided into<20 years old,20-25 years old,26-30 years old,31 according to age group.~35 years old,>35 years old,5 age groups,compare the results of prenatal screening with the results of fetal malformation confirmed by induction or delivery,calculate the accuracy of prenatal screening for fetal malformations,statistical analysis of prenatal screening of fetuses Malformation,six serious fetal malformations and the number of deformities.Results:A total of 143 cases of fetal malformation were screened before delivery.149 cases of fetal malformation were confirmed by induction or delivery,and 6 cases were missed.The accuracy rate of prenatal screening for fetal malformation was 95.97%,and the rate of missed diagnosis was 4.03%.Prenatal screening of fetal malformations and induction of fetal malformation by induction or delivery,the highest detection rate of fetal malformations in pregnant women<20 years old,the lowest detection rate of fetal malformations in pregnant women aged 26 to 30 years,prenatal screening differences in fetal malformation rate in 5 age groups Statistically significant(P<0.05).Prenatal screening of 20 cases of six severe malformations,accounting for 13.99%of prenatal screening for fetal malformations,23 cases of severe malformations confirmed by induction or delivery,accounting for 15.44%of fetal malformations by induction or delivery,all<The 20-year-old pregnant women had the highest proportion of the six major deformities,and the 26-to 30-year-old pregnant women had the lowest detection rate of the six major deformities.In prenatal screening,4 cases of chromosomal abnormalities in pregnant women<20 years old,accounting for 36.36%;5 cases of chromosomal abnormalities in

关 键 词：产前筛查 胎儿畸形 差异性 优生遗传 

分 类 号：R714.55[医药卫生—妇产科学]