移动X射线机摄影的危害因素调查与分析  

Investigation and analysis of the hazard factors of mobile X-ray machine photography

作　　者：李春英[1] 商迎庆[1] 牛振[1] 张继勉[1] 曾强[2] LI Chun-ying;SHANG Ying-qing;NIU Zhen(Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,Tianjin 300011,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市疾病预防控制中心,天津300011 [2]天津市疾病预防控制中心职业病预防控制室,天津300011

出　　处：《中国医学装备》2019年第11期33-36,共4页China Medical Equipment

摘　　要：目的:调查分析影响移动X射线机工作的危险因素,为移动X射线摄影工作的限制范围和场所以及规范使用移动X线摄影机提供依据。方法:采用调查问卷的形式对移动X射线摄影工作者进行现场问卷调查,对典型移动X射线机的工作场所进行剂量分布测量,并对采取的防护措施进行现场调查。结果:随着移动式X射线摄影工作量的大幅度增加,受检者及其周围人员的放射防护工作存在问题;由于曝光条件限制,使用移动式X射线机进行床旁照射时,由于图像质量不清晰造成的重复照射,会增加患者和相关人员的X射线受照剂量。结论:利用移动式X射线诊断技术时,应保障放射工作人员、受检者以及周围公众的放射安全与健康;临床医生在开具移动式X射线检查处方和实施医疗照射时,应对限制照射范围和场所进行正确性判断。Objective:To investigate and analyze the risk factors that affected the work of mobile X-ray machine so as to provide references for limited field,site and standard use of mobile X-ray machine in the work of mobile X-ray photography.Methods:Adopted the form of questionnaire to conduct questionnaire survey for workers of mobile X-ray photography at work site,and the dose distributions of typically mobile X-ray machine at workplace were measured.And the adopted protective measures of them were investigated at work site.Results:With the substantial increase of the workload of mobile X-ray photography,the more and more problems of radiological protection of subjects and the surrounding personnel of subjects appeared.Due to the limitation of exposure conditions,the exposure dose of X-ray on patients and relevant personnel would increase in using mobile X-ray machine to conduct radiation at bedside.The reason was the unclear image quality would lead to repetitive radiation.Conclusion:In using mobile X-ray diagnosis technique,the radiological safety and health of radiologic worker,patients and surrounding public should be guaranteed.When clinicians prescribe for the examination of mobile X-ray and implement medical exposure,they should make correct judgment on the limitation of exposure scope and place.

关 键 词：移动式X射线机 床旁 摄影 

分 类 号：R812[医药卫生—放射医学]