风险评估在口腔科医院感染控制中的应用效果  

Application effect of risk assessment in nosocomial infection control in Stomatology Department

作　　者：龚婷[1] 张红[2] 魏本娟[1] Gong Ting;Zhang Hong;Wei Benjuan(Department of Stomatology,Renji Hospital,Shanghai Jiaotong University y School of Medicine,Shanghai 200127,China;Outpatients Department,Renji Hospital,Shanghai Jiaotong University,School of Medicine,Shanghai 200127,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院口腔科,上海200127 [2]上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院门诊,上海200127

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2019年第29期3807-3810,共4页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

基　　金：上海交通大学医学院科技基金项目(12XJ10053)。

摘　　要：目的探讨风险评估在口腔科医院感染控制中的应用效果.方法2017年12月组织医院感染管理委员会和口腔科医院感染管理会成员采用头脑风暴法进行口腔科医院感染风险进行识别,同时参考《美国华盛顿国家儿童医疗中心流行病与感染控制风险评估与计划》,风险评估主要采用矩阵法,对风险优先级排名靠前的3个因素进行控制.比较风险评估前后口腔科医院感染发生率变化.结果风险优先级最高的3项危险因素为多重耐药菌感染、消毒隔离以及一次性物品的使用.利用PDCA循环模式对前3位危险因素进行处置,包括危险因素分析、改进计划(时间阶段、目标、措施)、追踪以及下一阶段目标.风险评估后,口腔科医院感染发生率为0.73%,低于风险评估前的3.65%,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=7.754,P=0.005).结论对口腔科进行医院感染风险评估,可以有效地发现潜在主要危险因素,降低患者医院感染的发生率,并规范口腔科医院感染管理.Objective To explore the effect of risk assessment on nosocomial infection control in Stomatology Department.Methods In December 2017,members of the Hospital Infection Management Committee and the Hospital Infection Management Committee of the Department of Stomatology were organized to identify the risk of nosocomial infection in Stomatology Department by brainstorming method.Referring to the'Risk Assessment and Plan for Epidemiological and Infection Control of the National Children's Medical Center in Washington,USA',the risk assessment mainly adopted matrix method.The top three risk priority factors were controlled.The incidence of nosocomial infection in Stomatology Department before and after risk assessment were compared.Results The three risk factors with the highest risk priority were multi-drug resistant bacterial infection,disinfection and isolation,and the use of disposable items.The first three risk factors were dealt with by PDCA(plan,do,check,act)cycle model,including risk factor analysis,improvement plan(time stage,target,measure),tracking and next stage target.After risk assessment,the incidence of nosocomial infection in Stomatology Department was 0.73%,which was lower than 3.65%before risk assessment.The difference was statistically significant(χ^2=7.754,P=0.005).Conclusions The risk assessment of nosocomial infection in Stomatology Department can effectively find out the main potential risk factors,reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection,and standardize the management of nosocomial infection in Stomatology Department.

关 键 词：医院感染 口腔科 风险评估 危险因素 PDCA 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]