中法战争与第二次海防大讨论述评  

A Review on the Sino-French War and the Second Discussion on Maritime Defense

作　　者：戚庆雨 QI Qingyu(College of Marxism,Zhengzhou University of Science and Technology,Zhengzhou 450064,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州科技学院马克思主义学院

出　　处：《文山学院学报》2019年第5期56-59,106,共5页Journal of Wenshan University

摘　　要：1884中法战争是清政府与法国就越南问题而爆发的战争。清政府虽然在陆地上取得了镇南关——谅山大捷,但是在海上战场的马江海战中遭遇惨败,马江海战失败致使清政府苦心经营的福建海军全军覆没,马尾造船厂也遭毁灭。中法战争中马江海战的失败给了清政府很大的刺激,马江海战后在清政府内部掀起了近代中国历史上的激烈的第二次海防大讨论。有别于第一次海防大讨论的主要内容是创建海军,第二次海防大讨论的主要任务是建立统一的中央海军领导机构,因此“总理海军事务衙门”应运而生。海军衙门的诞生对近代中国海军的建设活动产生了重要影响,它使得清政府的海军发展有了统一的领导与规划。The war between China and France in 1884 was the war between the Qing government and France over Vietnam.Although the Qing government obtained the great victory in the town of liangshan on land,it suffered a heavy defeat in the battle of Marjiang sea in the maritime battlefield.The failure of the Marjiang sea battle led to the complete destruction of the Fujian navy,which was painstakingly managed by the Qing government,and the destruction of Mawei shipyard.The defeat of the battle of magjianghai in the sino-french war gave a great stimulus to the Qing government.Different from the first discussion on maritime defense,the main content is to establish the navy,and the second one is to establish a unified leading body of the navy,so"naval yamen"came into being.The birth of the naval yamen had an important impact on the construction of the modern Chinese navy,which made the naval development of the Qing government have unified leadership and planning.

关 键 词：中法战争 马江海战 第二次海防大讨论 海军衙门 

分 类 号：K256.2[历史地理—历史学]