松材线虫侵染的黑松钻蛀性害虫时空动态研究  

Spatial-temporal pattern of main borer pests in Pinus thunbergii infected by pine wood nematode

作　　者：武海卫[1] 朱文成[1] 康智[1] 亓玉昆[1] 迟宗钦 季延平[1] WU Haiwei(Shandong academy of forestry,Jinan 250014,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省林业科学研究院,山东济南250014 [2]烟台市森林保护站,山东烟台264000

出　　处：《中国森林病虫》2019年第6期6-10,共5页Forest Pest and Disease

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1200400);山东省林业科技创新项目(LYCX09-2018-45)

摘　　要：为给暖温带沿海地区松材线虫Bursaphelenchus xylophilus侵染黑松Pinus thunbergii病死木的清理提供依据,对越年枯死和当年枯死黑松上钻蛀性害虫的种类和分布进行研究;2015-2017年连续3 a诱集监测林间成虫发生期。结果表明:松材线虫侵染黑松病死木主要钻蛀性害虫有褐梗天牛Arhopalus rusticus、松墨天牛Monochamus alternatus和纵坑切梢小蠹Tomicus piniperda。越年枯死黑松伐桩及以下部分没有钻蛀性害虫侵入;在地上部分,褐梗天牛主要分布在2 m段以下,纵坑切梢小蠹在垂直分布上没有显著差异。当年枯死黑松伐桩和树干均有钻蛀性害虫分布,伐桩内主要为褐梗天牛和纵坑切梢小蠹,松墨天牛主要分布在树干中部。松墨天牛成虫在烟台地区始见期为5月中下旬,盛期为7月中旬;褐梗天牛在林间羽化始期为5月上中旬,6-8月种群密度较高。因此,当年枯死黑松罹病木需在翌年4月底前清理完毕,并对伐桩除害处理;越年枯死黑松罹病木的伐桩作剥皮处理即可。The species and distribution of borer pests in Pinus thunbergii Parl.was studied in order to provide theoretical basis for cutting dead trees of P.thunbergii infected by pine wood nematode(PWD)in warm temperate coastal areas.The occurrence period of adults was monitored by trapping in the forest from 2015 to 2017.The results showed that the main borer pests in dead trees of P.thunbergii were Arhopalus rusticus(Linnaeus),Monochamus alternatus Hope and Tomicus piniperda L.There was no borer pests in stumps of P.thunbergii which died in spring and early summer.A.rusticus were mainly distributed below 2 m of trunk and there was no significant difference in vertical distribution for T.piniperda.The borer pests were found both in stumps and in trunks of P.thunbergii that died in autumn last year.The main species in stumps were A.rusticus and T.piniperda.M.alternatus mainly distributed in the middle of the trunk.The adult of M.alternatus appeared in the middle and late May and its peak was in the middle of July in Yantai area.The initial stage of emergence of A.rusticus in the forest was in the early and middle May,and the population density was very high from June to August.Therefore,the trees of P.thunbergii that died in autumn last year should be cleaned up before the end of April,and their stumps should be treated by disinfection.Stumps of trees that died in spring and early summer,only need to be stripped of bark.

关 键 词：松材线虫 松墨天牛 黑松 垂直分布 钻蛀性害虫 

分 类 号：S763.38[农业科学—森林保护学]