新疆地区荷斯坦牛乳中体细胞评分对产奶量与乳成分的影响  

Effects of Somatic Cell Score on Milk Yield and Milk Composition in Holstein Milk in Xinjiang

作　　者：赵番番 葛建军[3] 李红燕 张梦华[1] 魏趁[1] 王丹[1] 杜建文 胥磊 姜徽 桑扎根 黄锡霞[1] 谭世新 ZHAO Fanfan;GE Janju;LI Hongyan;ZHANG Menghua;WEI Chen;WANG Dan;DU Jianwen;XU Lei;JIANG Hui;SANG Zhagen;HUANG Xixia;TAN Shixin(College of Animal Science,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Xinjiang Tianshan Animal Husbandry Bio-Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Changji 831100,China;Xinjiang Hutubi Cattle Farm,Changji 831100,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学动物科学学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆天山畜牧生物工程股份有限公司,昌吉831100 [3]新疆呼图壁种牛场,昌吉831100

出　　处：《中国畜牧兽医》2019年第11期3323-3331,共9页China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区科技计划项目(201230116-7);现代农业(奶牛)产业技术体系建设专项资金资助((CARS-36)

摘　　要：为了探究牛乳中体细胞评分(SCS)对日产奶量(DMY)和乳成分之间的关系,了解奶牛乳房的健康状况,本研究使用新疆昌吉地区规模化牛场共2338头荷斯坦牛的33290条DHI记录和生产性能数据,将DHI记录中的体细胞数(SCC)转化为SCS后分析SCS对DMY与乳成分的影响。运用SAS 9.2软件对产奶量和乳成分进行最小二乘方差分析及多重比较,并对SCS与产奶量和乳成分进行相关性分析,其固定效应主要包括SCS、场、年份、季节及胎次效应。结果表明:SCS、场效应、年份效应、季节效应和胎次效应均对DMY与乳成分有极显著影响(P<0.01)。随着SCS的增加,DMY和乳糖率(MLP)呈下降趋势,当SCS为0水平,且SCC为9×10^3~17×10^3个/mL时,DMY和MLP极显著高于其他SCS水平(P<0.01);MFP和MPP呈上升趋势,当SCS为9水平,且SCC为4529×10^3~4904×10^3个/mL时,MFP和MPP最高。相关性分析结果显示,SCS与DMY、MLP呈极显著负相关(P<0.01);SCS与MFP、MPP呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。因此,通过分析SCS对产奶量和乳成分间的关系,可为规模化牧场奶牛日常管理提供科学依据,预防和降低患乳房炎的风险。In order to explore the relationship between daily milk yield(DMY)and milk composition of somatic cell score(SCS)in milk,and to understand the health status of dairy cows’breasts,in this study,33290 DHI records and production performance data of 2338 Holstein cattle in Changji area,Xinjiang were used to analyze the effect of SCS on daily milk yield and milk composition after converting SCC recorded by DHI into SCS.The least square variance analysis and multiple comparison of milk yield and milk composition were carried out by using SAS 9.2 software,and the correlation between SCS and DMY and milk composition was analyzed.The fixed effects mainly included SCS,field,year,season and parity effect.The results showed that the factors of SCS,field,year,seasonal and parity had significant effects on DMY and milk composition(P<0.01).With the increase of SCS,the DMY and milk lactose percentage(MLP)decreased.When SCS was 0 and SCC was 9×10^3 to 17×10^3,the DMY and MLP were extremely significantly higher than those of other SCS levels(P<0.01).The milk fat percentage(MFP)and milk protein percentage(MPP)showed an upward trend with the increased of SCS,and when SCS was 9 and SCC was 4529×10^3 to 4904×10^3,the MFP and MPP were highest.The results of correlation analysis showed that SCS,field,year,season and parity all had extremely significant effects on daily milk yield and milk composition(P<0.01);There was a extremely significant negative correlation between SCS and DMY,MLP(P<0.01),while SCS was extremely significantly positively correlated with MFP and MPP(P<0.01).Therefore,by analyzing the relationship between DMY,milk composition and SCS,it could provide scientific basis for daily management of large-scale dairy cows and prevent and reduce the risk of mastitis.

关 键 词：体细胞评分(SCS) 体细胞数(SCC) 产奶量 乳成分 荷斯坦牛 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]