透光抚育对辽东山区“栽针保阔”红松林水文效应的影响  

Effect of light-felling on hydrologic effects of Korean pine forest restored by planting conifers and reserving broad-leaved trees in Mountain area of eastern Liaoning

作　　者：董莉莉[1] DONG Lili(LiaoningAcademy of Forestry Science,Shenyang 110032,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省林业科学研究院

出　　处：《辽宁林业科技》2019年第5期1-4,43,共5页Liaoning Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划重点专项项目(2017YFC050410504)

摘　　要：评价不同透光强度对"栽针保阔"红松林水源涵养功能的影响,为充实和完善"栽针保阔"经营体系提供理论依据。该文以不同透光抚育强度辽东山区"栽针保阔"红松林为研究对象,分析林地枯落物和土壤的水文特性,结果表明:中度透光抚育和全透光抚育林地枯落物储量分别高于对照(未栽红松)65.67%、28.49%,但全透光抚育与对照之间差异不显著(P>0.05);枯落物最大持水量表现为中度透光>全透光抚育>对照;中度透光抚育的土壤容重显著低于其他两块样地(P<0.05),最大持水量显著高于其它两个样地,分别为全透光抚育样地的1.46倍和对照的1.50倍。土壤的毛管孔隙度、非毛管孔隙度和总孔隙度,3块样地之间差异不显著(P>0.05);3块样地表层土壤的初渗速率3.79~5.33 mm·min-1,稳渗速率1.00~2.75 mm·min-1,中度透光样地表层土壤的初渗速率和稳渗速率均明显高于对照,分别高出对照26.60%、175%。全透光样地初渗速率略低于对照,但其稳渗速率明显高于对照。从枯落物持水性能和土壤层的蓄水和渗透性能评价透光抚育对林分水源涵养功能的影响,认为中度透光抚育更有利于林分贮蓄降水,减少水土流失的产生。To provide theoretical foundation for enriching the theoretical management system of"planting conifers and reserving broad-leaved trees", effects of penetrating light intensities on water-conservation abilities of Korean pine plantations were evaluated. This study was conducted in Korean pine forest restored by"planting conifers and reserving broadleaved trees", and the woodland litter and soil hydrological characteristics were analyzed. The results indicated that the litter reserves in moderate cutting forest and in clear cutting forest were 65.67% and 28.49% higher than that of the control group(without planting Korean pine), but there was no significant difference between the clear cutting and the control(P>0.05). The maximum water holding capacity of litter in different treatments ordered as following: moderate cutting > clear cutting > control. The soil bulk density of the moderate cutting was significantly lower than that of the other two groups(P<0.05), but the maximum water holding capacity was significantly higher than that of the other two groups,which was 1.46 times of the clearing cut group and 1.50 times of the control. There was no significant difference in capillary porosity, non-capillary porosity and total porosity between the three treatments(P>0.05). The initial infiltration rate and steady infiltration rate of the surface soil in three treatments were 3.79 ~ 5.33 mm·min-1 and 1.00 ~ 2.75 mm·min-1, respectively. The initial infiltration rate and steady infiltration rate of the surface soil in the moderate cutting treatment was26.60% and 175% higher than that of the control plots respectively, and the differences were significant. In the clear cutting treatment, the initial infiltration rate was slightly lower than that of the control group, but the steady infiltration rate was significantly higher than that of the control group. In conclusion, based on the water holding capacity of litter and water storage and permeability of soil layer, the moderate cutting was more beneficial to stand water

关 键 词：枯落物 土壤 持水量 透光抚育 

分 类 号：S753.511[农业科学—森林经理学]