海南野生鹧鸪茶资源调查与鉴定评价  

Resources Investigation, Conservation and Evaluation of Wild Mallotus oblongifolius in Hainan

作　　者：顾文亮[1,2] 庄辉发 王辉[1,2] 张建禹 覃永兰[4] 张翠玲 秦晓威 谭乐和 GU Wenliang;ZHUANG Huifa;WANG Hui;ZHANG Jianyu;QIN Yonglan;ZHANG Cuiling;QIN Xiaowei;TAN Lehe(Spice and Beverage Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Wanning,Hainan 571533,China;Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources Utilization of Spice and Beverage Crops,Ministry of Agriculture&Rural Affairs,Wanning,Hainan 571533,China;College of Tropical Crops,Yunnan Agricultural University,Pu’er,Yunnan 665099,China;Yangtze Normal University,Chongqing 408100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院香料饮料研究所,海南万宁571533 [2]农业农村部香辛饮料作物遗传资源利用重点实验室,海南万宁571533 [3]云南农业大学热带作物学院,云南普洱665099 [4]长江师范学院,重庆408100

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2019年第11期2264-2269,共6页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：国家香料饮料作物种质资源平台运行服务(No.NICGR-2019-094);海南省应用技术研发与示范推广专项“鹧鸪茶优良无性品系选育及种苗繁育技术研究”(No.ZDXM2015053)

摘　　要：鹧鸪茶是具有海南地方和民族特色的代茶饮料植物和药用植物,已开发成为广受欢迎的特色旅游产品,但大规模的人为无序开发对野生资源造成了极大的破坏。通过对海南野生鹧鸪茶进行资源调查、收集保存和保护利用等研究,结果表明:在海南全省10个市县共13个调查地点中,仅2个地点的野生鹧鸪茶基本未受到人工影响,其余地点的野生植株长势较弱,人为破坏较严重,部分生境已受到人工开垦的影响;先后收集保存285份鹧鸪茶种质资源,并在异地建设种质资源圃安全保存;对收集保存的285份资源进行5个描述性状和6个数值性状的植物学鉴定评价,其中描述性状的多样性指数的变化范围为0.69~1.74,数值性状的多样性指数的变化范围为1.93~2.11,说明收集保存的鹧鸪茶种质具有丰富的遗传多样性。本研究可为人工培育优良鹧鸪茶无性品系提供了资源基础和评价数据。Mallotus oblongifolius is a substitute tea beverage plant and medicinal plant with local and national characteristics in Hainan.It has been developed as a popular tourism product now.But large-scale development and utilization of wild Mallotus oblongifolius without plan has caused great damage to its germplasm resources.Wild resources investigation,collection and conservation as well as evaluation of M.oblongifolius were carried out in this research.The results showed that among the 13 survey locations in 10 cities of Hainan,wild M.oblongifolius grown in only 2 locations were not artificially affected.The growth of M.oblongifolius in the other sites were destructed artificially.Total 285 germplasm resources of M.oblongifolius were collected and safely preserved in different places.Botanical identification and evaluation of 5 descriptive traits and 6 numerical traits were carried out on these 285 germplasm resources.The variation range of diversity index of descriptive traits was 0.69~1.74 and the variation range of diversity index of numerical traits was 1.93~2.11,which indicating that the collected and preserved germplasms had rich genetic diversity.This research would provide resource basis and evaluation data for artificial breeding of excellent M.oblongifolius cultivars.

关 键 词：鹧鸪茶 资源调查 收集保存 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S326[农业科学—作物遗传育种]