MHD角速度传感器微弱噪声的测量方法  

Weak Noise Measuring Method for MHD Angular Rate Sensor

作　　者：杨凯丽 吴腾飞[1] 徐冲柯 张云[1] 纪越 李醒飞[1] YANG Kaili;WU Tengfei;XU Chongke;ZHANG Yun;JI Yue;LI Xingfei(State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;Key Laboratory of Advanced Electrical Engineering and Energy Technology,Tianjin Polytechnic University,Tianjin 30087,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学精密测试技术及仪器国家重点实验室,天津300027 [2]天津工业大学电工电能新技术天津市重点实验室,天津300387

出　　处：《传感技术学报》2019年第11期1654-1660,共7页Chinese Journal of Sensors and Actuators

基　　金：天津市自然科学基金项目青年项目(16JCQNJC04500);天津市自然科学基金项目青年项目(17JCQNJC04100);国家自然科学基金国家重大科研仪器研制项目(61427810);国家自然科学基金重点项目(61733012);国家自然科学基金青年项目(61703303);精密测试技术及仪器国家重点实验室开放基金项目(Pilab1705)

摘　　要：为了解决现有噪声测量方法测量下限高、耦合噪声大,无法与MHD角速度传感器实现噪声匹配的问题,研究了MHD角速度传感器亚nV/Hz量级噪声的测量方法,并设计了一种噪声测量系统。通过使用噪声匹配变压器,将噪声匹配原理与双通路互谱测量原理相结合,优化测量系统的噪声系数,有效抑制了测量过程中的通路噪声和耦合噪声。通过理论和仿真分析了测量系统的固有噪声,实验证明测量系统的等效输入电压噪声谱密度为0.1 nV/Hz。最后,采用该测量方法,精确测量出低至0.06 nV/Hz的MHD角速度传感器的微弱噪声。The existing methods for noise measurement have problems including high detection limit,large coupled noise and incapability of realizing noise matching with the Magnetohydrodynamics(MHD)angular rate sensor.In order to measure weak noise signals in the order of sub-nV/Hz,the noise measurement method on the MHD angular rate sensor was studied and a novel system for corresponding measurements was successfully designed.By using the noise-matching transformer,this system combines the dual-channel cross-spectrum measurement method with the noise-matching principle.As the results,the noise figure is optimized during the measurement,accompanied by channel noise and coupled noise being effectively suppressed.In this system,the inherent noise was calculated through analytical model and circuit simulation,and being confirmed by experiments,the equivalent input voltage noise spectral density is 0.1 nV/Hz.To take a step further,the proposed method even made it possible to measure an ultra-weak noise signal of the MHD angular rate sensor which is as low as 0.06 nV/Hz.

关 键 词：MHD角速度传感器 噪声测量 噪声匹配 互谱估计 

分 类 号：TP393[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]