可降解地膜农田适用性评价  

Applicability Evaluation of Degradable Mulching Films in Farmlands

作　　者：张相松 王献杰 房晓燕 居学海 ZHANG Xiang-song;WANG Xian-jie;FANG Xiao-yan(Linyi Agricultural Environmental Protection and Monitoring Station,Linyi,Shandong 276001)

机构地区：[1]临沂市农业环境保护监测站,山东临沂276001 [2]农业农村部农业生态与资源保护总站,北京100125

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2019年第22期79-82,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：农业农村部农业生态环境保护项目(2110402)

摘　　要：[目的]评价可降解地膜的农田适用性,为防治地膜污染寻求有效途径。[方法]选择山东主要覆膜作物春花生作为供试作物,通过设置覆膜栽培试验、暴晒试验和填埋试验,系统评价不同类型可降解地膜的农田适用性。[结果]参试的4种全生物降解地膜和2种氧化生物双降解地膜均能满足农机作业要求;以聚乙烯为主要原料的普通地膜和氧化生物双降解地膜的增温、保墒、抑草、增产效果优于全生物降解地膜,降解性能劣于全生物降解地膜。[结论]可降解地膜基本具备了聚乙烯地膜的功能和较好的降解性能,是防治地膜污染的一个有效途径。[Objective]The research aimed to evaluate the applicability of degradable mulching film in farmland and and seek effective ways to prevent and control mulch pollution.[Method]Spring peanuts,which were mainly cultivated with mulching plastic films in Shandong,were selected as test crops.The applicability of different types of degradable mulching films was systematically evaluated by setting up mulching cultivation test,exposure test and landfill test.[Results]Four full-biodegradable films and the two oxidized biodegradable films could meet the requirements of agricultural machinery operation;considering effects of increasing temperature,preserving soil moisture,enhancing weed-suppression ability and promoting productivity,common films,which were produced from the main raw material polyethylene,and oxidized biodegradable films are better than full-biodegradable films,while their degradation performance was inferior.[Conclusion]The degradable mulching film basically has the function of polyethylene film and good degradation performance,and is an effective way to prevent and control the film pollution.

关 键 词：可降解地膜 春花生 农田适用性 

分 类 号：S316[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]