“四特”水稻系列组合的选育及其意义  

Breeding of "four special" rice varieties and its significance

作　　者：周强[1] 王欢[1] 李兴华[1] 吕锐玲[1] 张盛[1] 蔡星星[1] ZHOU Qiang;WANG Huan;LI Xing-hua;LYU Rui-ling;ZHANG Sheng;CAI Xing-xing(Huanggang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Huanggang 438000,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]黄冈市农业科学院

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2019年第21期15-21,共7页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖北省农业科技创新中心资助项目(2018-620-001-03);湖北省科技厅科技攻关项目;杂交水稻湖北省协同创新项目;湖北省水产绿色高质量发展“稻虾生态种养技术”协同推广项目

摘　　要：2015—2018年利用特早熟、粗秆、大穗、优质、抗瘟、特强配合力三系不育系益33A和益133A与大量恢复系配组300多个组合进行株系比产和品种比较试验(含2017年湖北省晚籼稻品种比较试验)。结果表明,“四特”水稻(Oryza sativa L.)生育期短,生育期比对照品种金优207短0~8 d;产量高,多数组合产量一般可达8400 kg/hm2左右,部分组合最高可达12150 kg/hm2,可比金优207增产10%以上,肥力水平越低,增产幅度越大,最大增产幅度可达30%以上;穗大粒多,具有中稻的穗粒结构和氮高效利用特性;米质好,供试品种中12.2%可达国标3级,41.5%可达国标2级,43.9%可达国标1级;抗性强,茎秆粗壮,中矮秆(株高100 cm左右),抗倒性强,高抗稻曲病,较抗稻瘟病等。More than 300 groups were got crossing by a large number of restorer lines and three-line sterile Yi 33 A,Yi 133 A with ultrashort growth period,thick stem,large spike,high quality,blast resistance and strong combining ability from 2015 to 2018.And variety comparative tests including late indica rice variety comparative test of Hubei province in 2017 were carried out.The results show that,"four special"rice(Oryza sativa L.)varieties with ultrashort growth period,the whole growth period shorter 0 to 8 days than control variety Jinyou 207."Four special"rice varieties have higher yield,the general yield is about 8400 kg/hm2 and the highest yield is up to 12150 kg/hm2.In general,compared with control variety Jinyou 207,"four special"rice varieties with a 10%increase in production and the biggest increase rate can reach more than 30%under lower fertility level.In additional,"four special"rice varieties with grain structure of middle-season rice varieties and high nitrogen efficiency."Four special"rice varieties have good quality,12.2%,41.5%and 43.9%varieties in the tested varieties can reach GBⅢ,ⅡandⅠ,respectively."Four special"rice varieties have strong resistance to lodging because of strong and medium stem(plant height was about 100 cm),high resistance to rice false smut,resistance to rice blast and so on.

关 键 词：“四特”水稻(Oryza SATIVA L.) 三系 不育系 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]