鄂北平原马铃薯化肥农药使用现状及减施对策  

Present situation and reduce countermeasures of chemical fertilizer and pesticide application on potato in the northern plain of Hubei province

作　　者：方治国 宿秀丽[1] 温海霞[1] 杨伟[1] 张杰[1] 王四清[1] FANG Zhi-guo;SU Xiu-li;WEN Hai-xia;YANG Wei;Zhang Jie;WANG Si-qing(Xiangyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xiangyang 441057,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省襄阳市农业科学院

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2019年第21期42-45,50,共5页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0200800)

摘　　要：马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum L.)生产过程中化肥和农药过量使用不仅导致资源浪费和成本增加,而且引发土壤肥力下降、病虫抗药性增强、马铃薯块茎品质下降、肥药利用率低等系列问题。通过对鄂北平原马铃薯主产区化肥和农药使用情况进行系统调研,分析了化肥农药使用过程中存在化肥农药高效替代产品与技术应用不足、精准施用装备落后、肥药施用不科学等主要问题,并结合鄂北平原地区马铃薯生产实际提出了加强政府引导并制定相关产业扶持政策、加快化肥农药减施关键技术集成研究与示范、加大宣传引导与技术培训力度、加强品牌建设等具体应对策略。Excessive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in potato(Solanum tuberosum L.)production not only leads to resource waste and cost increase,but also causes a series of problems,such as declining soil fertility,increasing pesticides resistance,declining quality of potato tubers and low utilization rate of fertilizers and pesticides.The application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in the main potato producing areas in the northern plain of Hubei province was systematically investigated,and the main problems due to overuse of chemical fertilizers and pesticides were analyzed,such as the lack of efficient substitute products and technology,the backwardness of precision application equipment,and the unscientific application of fertilizers and pesticides.Finally,combined with the actual potato production in the northern plain of Hubei province,some countermeasures were put forward,such as strengthening government guidance,formulating relevant industrial support policies,accelerating the research and demonstration of key technologies for reducing fertilizer and pesticide application,increasing propaganda guidance and technical training,and strengthening brand building.

关 键 词：马铃薯(Solanum TUBEROSUM L.) 化肥 农药 使用现状 减施对策 鄂北平原 

分 类 号：S13[农业科学—农业基础科学] S48