基于柔性单元的一维列车碰撞模型及参数校正  

One-dimensional Train Collision Model Based on Flexible Element and Parameters Calibration

作　　者：秦睿贤 周俊先 陈秉智 QIN Ruixian;ZHOU Junxian;CHEN Bingzhi(School of Mechanical Engineering,Dalian Jiaotong University,Dalian 116028,China)

机构地区：[1]大连交通大学机械工程学院

出　　处：《铁道学报》2019年第11期58-64,共7页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFB1200504-A-05);中国铁路总公司科技研究开发计划(2015J007-H)

摘　　要：在传统弹簧质量模型的基础上,提出一种基于非线性杆元的列车碰撞过程中车体简化建模方法,并给出车体简化单元的参数校正方法,进行非线性杆元的刚度、阻尼参数识别,完成车体纵向力学特性表征。研究不同校正指标和不同算法对车体等效参数的影响,基于简化车体建立了用于纵向响应预测的一维四编组列车碰撞模型,并进行36 km/h四编组列车碰撞工况下一维模型和三维列车模型结果的对比验证。结果表明:校正指标中考虑车体自身响应可以得到较好的参数校正结果,在简化的一维列车碰撞模型中增加柔性杆元表征车体在受到冲击时的纵向力学行为,大幅降低求解机时,同时显著提高一维模型在编组列车碰撞响应预测准确度,可用于列车能量配置与管理的参数化研究。On basis of the traditional mass-spring model, a new simplified approach for carbody modeling during train collision based on the nonlinear bar element was proposed, and a simplified carbody element parameter calibration method was presented, to identify the stiffness and damping parameters of nonlinear bar element and to complete the characterization of the longitudinal mechanical characteristics of carbody. The effects on carbody equivalent parameters were studied when using different calibration objectives and algorithms. At last, the one-dimensional train collision model for a four-car train was established adopting simplified single carbody element to predict the longitudinal collision response. The results of one-dimensional model and three-dimensional model-under the frontal collision case at 36 km/h were compared. The results show that better parameter correction result can be obtained when carbody response is considered in the calibration index. A flexible bar element is added in the simplified one-dimensional train collision model to represent the longitudinal mechanical behavior of the car body under impact, which greatly reduces the solution time consumption and remarkably improves the prediction accuracy of one-dimensional model of collision response. The simplified train model can be used in parametric study of train energy distribution and management.

关 键 词：列车碰撞 一维模型 参数校正 非线性杆元 纵向特性 

分 类 号：U270.1[机械工程—车辆工程]