KIT基因影响哺乳动物白色被毛形成的研究进展  

Progress in the research of the effect of the KIT gene on the formation of white coat in mammals

作　　者：姜恩泽 张宇飞[1] 郭跃跃[1] 贾赟[3] 韩志强 宋兴超[1] 赵家平[1] 徐超[1] JIANG Enze;ZHANG Yufei;GUO Yueyue;JIA Yun;HAN Zhiqiang;SONG Xingchao;ZHAO Jiaping;XU Chao(Institute of Special Animal and Plant Science of China Academy of Agricultural Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals,Changchun 130112,China;Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;Liaoning Province Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau,Dalian 116001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院特产研究所,吉林省特种经济动物分子生物学省部共建国家重点实验室,吉林长春130112 [2]东北农业大学,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [3]辽宁出入境检验检疫局技术中心,辽宁大连116001

出　　处：《畜牧与兽医》2019年第11期147-150,共4页Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：中国科协青年人才托举工程(2017);吉林省优秀青年基金;中央公益性科研院所基本科研业务费;吉林省科技发展计划(20180520032JH,182442NY010342042)

摘　　要：KIT基因可编码酪氨酸激酶受体蛋白家族中的肥大/干细胞生长因子受体(mast/stem cell growth factor receptors),是哺乳动物产生白色被毛的关键基因。该基因对哺乳动物体内成黑色素细胞的增殖、分化以及在生皮节与上表皮的通道中的迁移具有重要作用。KIT基因突变会导致成黑色素细胞不能正常迁移,可直接影响黑色素细胞的数量。本文综述了KIT基因的保守性以及KITLG基因的结构和功能,并指出了哺乳动物白色被毛形成原因及KIT基因对白色表型的作用,主要在马、牛、羊驼以及犬科动物中的KIT基因多态性进行阐述,同时指出目前在白色被毛形成机理研究中的不足,以期为进一步研究KIT基因与哺乳动物白色被毛形成机制提供参考。KIT is a key gene for the production of white coat in mammals and it encodes the mast/stem cell growth factor receptors in the tyrosine kinase receptor protein family. It plays an important role in the proliferation and differentiation of melanoblasts and in migration of epidermis in mammals. The mutation of the KIT gene will lead to the abnormal migration of melanoblasts, which can directly affect the number of melanocytes. This paper reviews the conservation of the KIT gene and the structure and function of the KITLG gene, revealing the causes of white coat formation in mammals and the effect of KIT on white phenotype, elaborating the polymorphisms of KIT in horses, cattle, alpacas and canines, and pointing out the insufficiency of the current research on the formation mechanism of white coat. We hope to provide reference for further study of KIT and the formation mechanism of white coat in mammals.

关 键 词：KIT基因 白色被毛 KIT突变体 

分 类 号：S813.21[农业科学—畜牧学]