额尔齐斯河流域河谷生态系统水文情势变化影响分析及生态修复建议  

Impact Analysis of Hydrological Regime Changes in Irtysh River Basin Valley Ecosystem and Suggestions for Ecological Restoration

作　　者：姜旭新[1] 黄婧 张岩[1] 李继清[2] JIANG Xv-xin;HUANG Jing;ZHANG Yan;LI Ji-qing(Xinjiang Irtysh River Basin Development and Construction Administrative Bureau, Urumqi 830000, China;Renewable Energy School, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China)

机构地区：[1]新疆额尔齐斯河流域开发工程建设管理局,乌鲁木齐830000 [2]华北电力大学可再生能源学院,北京102206

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2019年第10期12-16,共5页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目子课题(2016YFC0402208-5,2017YFC0405906-2)

摘　　要：额尔齐斯河河谷生态系统是新疆重要的水资源战略储备区,更是北疆抵御自然灾害的生态屏障。受水利工程建设、滥垦滥伐、过度放牧等因素影响,额尔齐斯河流域水文情势发生改变,引发洄游性鱼类繁衍受阻、林草面积衰退、生物多样性下降等问题。为探究水文情势变化与生态环境改变间关系,采用IHA-RVA方法(Indicators of Hydrologic Alteration-Rang of Variability Approach),对额尔齐斯河流域布尔津水文站进行水文情势改变度评估。研究表明,额尔齐斯河河谷生态系统为中度改变,建议采取以下措施:保证生态用水需求,生态流量应遵循天然状态丰、平、枯水期规律;布设过鱼设施,并合理控制高、低流量脉冲发生次数;5-7月各水利工程应相互配合进行生态淹灌调度,及时补充地下水。The Irtysh River Valley Ecosystem is an important strategic water reserve area and an ecological barrier against natural disasters in Xinjiang. Affected by the construction of water conservancy projects, deforestation, overgrazing and other factors, the hydrological regime in the Irtysh River Basin has changed, causing problems such as the migration of migratory fish, the decline of forest and grassland area, and the decline of biodiversity. In order to explore the relationship between hydrological regime change and ecological environment change, this study uses the IHA-RVA method (Indicators of Hydrologic Alteration-Rang of Variability Approach) to evaluate the hydrological change degree of the BEJ hydrological station in the Irtysh River Basin. Studies have shown that the Irtysh Valley ecosystem is moderately altered and the following measures are recommended: Ensure the demand for ecological water, and the ecological flow should follow the laws of natural abundance, flatness and dry season in the basin. Arrange fish facilities and control the number of high and low flow pulse occurrences within a reasonable range. Water conservancy projects should cooperate with each other to carry out ecological flooding and dispatching from May to July, and timely replenish groundwater.

关 键 词：水文情势变化 IHA-RVA方法 生态修复 额尔齐斯河流域 

分 类 号：TV12[水利工程—水文学及水资源]