辽宁省盘锦市某试点学校营养知识与行为干预效果评价  

Evaluation of nutrition knowledge and behavior intervention in a pilot school in Panjin city Liaoning province

作　　者：任时[1] 栾德春[1] 李欣[1] 郑扬[2] 刘嘉鸣 李绥晶[1] REN Shi;LUAN De-chun;LI Xin;ZHENG Yang;LIU Jia-ming;LI Sui-jing(Liaoning Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shenyang 110005,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省疾病预防控制中心,辽宁沈阳110005 [2]盘锦市疾病预防控制中心,辽宁盘锦124010

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2019年第9期794-797,812,共5页Chinese Journal of Health Education

摘　　要：目的分析辽宁省盘锦市某试点学校营养知识与行为干预效果。方法对辽宁省盘锦一所九年一贯制学校的学生、家长、教师和食堂工作及管理人员实施为期1年营养干预措施。干预前后在学校三、五、七年级中,每个年级抽取2个班级的学生及其家长,全校教师和食堂工作人员进行问卷调查。结果干预后,学生对食物分类、体育活动时间、家长对食盐每天摄入限量、营养充足早餐、教师对食物提供营养素的知晓率由干预前的18.7%、30.3%、40.6%、7.6%、4.6%提高至干预后的40.6%、45.0%、52.2%、13.8%和14.9%(P<0.05);食堂工作人员对烹饪和食品安全知识知晓率均提高至100%;学生做到早餐营养充足、不饮或少饮饮料、家长做到每天喝奶≥300 mL、教师做到早餐营养充足、每天喝奶≥300 mL和一天吃1个鸡蛋的比例由干预前的1.9%、47.9%、7.1%、24.6%、7.9%、16.1%提高至干预后的20.9%、94.4%、13.7%、45.0%、15.6%和27.9%(P<0.05);学生中、高强度身体活动累计≥60 min/d和教师至少进行5 d/周中等强度身体活动并累计150 min以上的比例由干预前的2.6%和14.1%提高至干预后的13.1%和34.5%(P<0.001)。结论采取各种营养干预措施,能够提高学生、家长和教师营养知识知晓率,促进健康饮食行为的形成。Objective To analyze the nutrition knowledge and behavioral intervention effects of a pilot school in Panjin city Liaoning province.Methods Comprehensive intervention measures were implemented for one year for students,parents,teachers,canteen staff administrators of a nine-year school in Panjin,Liaoning.Before and after the intervention,two classes of students in grade three,five and seven of the school and their parents,as well as the teachers and canteen staff of the whole school were selected for questionnaire survey.Results By intervention,students’awareness rate of food classification,physical activity time,parents’daily intake limit of salt,nutritious breakfast and teachers’awareness rate of food nutrient supply increased from 18.1%,30.3%,40.6%,7.6%and 4.6%before intervention to 40.6%,45.0%,52.2%,13.8%and 14.9%after intervention(P<0.05).Canteen staff’s knowledge of cooking and food safety has been increased to 100%.The ratio of students with adequate breakfast nutrition,no or little drinking of soft drinks,parents with daily milk consumption≥300 mL,teachers with adequate breakfast nutrition,daily milk consumption≥300 mL and one egg a day increased from 1.9%,47.9%,7.1%,24.6%,7.9%and 16.1%before intervention to 20.9%,94.4%,13.7%,45.0%,15.6%and 27.9%after intervention(P<0.05).The proportion of students with medium and high intensity physical activity≥60 min/d and teachers with at least 5 d/week of medium intensity physical activity and at least 150 min increased from 2.6%and 14.1%before intervention to 13.1%and 34.5%after intervention(P<0.001).Conclusion Various nutritional intervention measures could improve the awareness rate of nutrition knowledge of students,parents and teachers promote the formation of healthy eating behaviors.

关 键 词：学校 营养干预 效果评价 健康教育 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R153.2[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]