柏杨政治文化批判的焦点和特色——以1960年代柏杨创作为中心  

The Focus and Characteristics of Bo Yang’s Criticism of Political Culture——Focusing on Bo Yang’s Creation in the 1960s

作　　者：朱双一[1,2] 陈婵敏 Zhu Shuangyi;Chen Chanmin

机构地区：[1]厦门大学台湾研究中心,福建厦门361005 [2]两岸关系和平发展协同创新中心,福建厦门361005 [3]厦门大学台湾研究院,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《台湾研究集刊》2019年第5期100-110,共11页Taiwan Research Journal

基　　金：2016年度国家社会科学基金重大项目“六十年来台湾社会思潮的演进与人文学术的发展(1950-2010)”(16ZDA138)

摘　　要：1960年《自由中国》被迫关闭后,李敖等西化派知识分子转向文化批判,柏杨却仍执着于政治批判,成为1960年代台湾地区勇敢揭露现实政治弊端的第一人。他一方面讽刺官僚统治者既抓"权"又抓"钱"的"二抓"行径;另一方面更揭露包括"白色恐怖"在内的官僚机器对于社会民众的压制、管控和迫害。他与徐复观等国学大师相亲和,借助胡秋原、李宗吾等的著作,进一步挖掘腐败官场政治所由产生的深层历史文化根源,对"酱缸"文化深加反省,从而具有了思想史意义。柏杨"责之苛"缘于"爱之切",对广大民众饱含关爱和同情,在卑微而自尊的普通民众身上照见了民族的希望和信心。他反对当时台湾地区盛行的媚外西化之风,与鲁迅相似,他对传统文化和国民性弱点加以反省和批评,是为了引起疗救的注意,因此是对中国、中华民族大爱的表现。《古国怪遇记》则属于"故事新编"式作品,是鲁迅思想和艺术在台湾传衍的例证之一。通过柏杨的杂文、小说和报告文学作品,可了解1960年代台湾社会的真实状况,以及当时为数尚少的批判性知识分子对官僚政治的思考。After the forced closure of "Free China" in 1960, Westernized intellectuals such as Li Ao turned to cultural criticism, while Bo Yang still remained persistent in political criticism and became the first person in Taiwan to expose bravely the real political abuses in the 1960s. He satirizes the "two grasps" of the bureaucratic rulers who grasp both "power" and "money". On the other hand, he exposes the suppression, control and persecution of the public by bureaucratic machines, including "white terror". With the help of Hu Qiuyuan and Li Zongwu’s works, He, compatible with Xu Fuguan and other university Masters, further explores the deep historical and cultural roots generated by corrupt officialdom politics, deepening his reflection on the "sauce jar" culture, thus possessing the significance of ideological history. In fact, Bo Yang’s "blame for harshness" is due to his "love of all", full of love and sympathy for the general public, demonstrating the hope and confidence of the nation in the humble and self-esteem of the people. He opposed the prevailing trend of Westernization in Taiwan at that time, and like Lu Xun, the purpose of his reflection on and the criticism of the weaknesses of traditional culture was to attract the attention of healing and salvation, thus showing his great love for China and the Chinese nation. The story of The Strange Experiences of Ancient Countries belongs to the new edition of stories, which is one of the examples of Lu Xun’s thought and art spreading in Taiwan. We can understand the real situation of Taiwan society in the 1960s and a few critical intellectuals’ thinking about bureaucracy at that time through Bai Yang’s essays, novels and reportage.

关 键 词：柏杨文学 官场政治弊端 酱缸文化 民族大爱 

分 类 号：I206[文学—中国文学]