中国农业劳动力流动拉力重构及其效果分析  

Reconstruction of Pulling Force on Agricultural Labor and Its Effect in China

作　　者：李晓峰[1,2] 李珊珊[1,2] LI Xiao-feng;LI Shan-shan(College of Economics and Management,National Agricultural and Rural Development Research Institute,China Agricultural University,Beijing,100083)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学经济管理学院,北京100083 [2]中国农业大学国家农业农村发展研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《经济经纬》2019年第6期47-54,共8页Economic Survey

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2018TC047)

摘　　要：对于农业劳动力来说,城乡收入差距是诱使其流动的最关键拉力因素。计算城乡收入差距时,应考虑把消费因素作为流动成本纳入拉力的计算框架。依此思路,重构了考虑消费因素的城乡净收入差距,并建立城乡净收入差距模型和误差修正模型,分别估计城乡净收入差距和农业劳动力流动之间的长期和短期协整关系。结果表明:中国的城乡净收入差距是影响农业劳动力流向城市的重要原因之一;同时,城乡消费差距作为流动成本,影响了城乡收入差距的拉力作用效果,减少了农业劳动力向城市流动的规模;从长期和短期来看,城乡净收入差距增加时,农业劳动力流动规模增加幅度均变小。For the agricultural labor,the urban-rural income gap is the most critical "pull" factor to induce its mobility. When calculating the urban-rural income gap, the consumption factor as the flow cost should be counted in the calculation framework of "pull".This paper reconstructs the urban-rural net income gap involved with consumption factors, and establishes the urban-rural net income gap model and error correction model to respectively estimate the long-term and short-term co-integration relationship between the urban-rural net income gap and agricultural labor mobility. The results suggest that there is a co-integration relationship between rural-urban net income gap and migrant workers, which plays an important role for agricultural labor to flow into urban cities. Meanwhile, rural-urban consumption gap which is taken as flow cost slows down pulling force of rural-urban income gap to the scale of agricultural labor flow: both seen in the long and short terms, when the urban-rural net income gap increases, the scale of agricultural labor flow grows smaller.

关 键 词：城乡净收入差距 农业劳动力 重构流动拉力 

分 类 号：F304.6[经济管理—产业经济]