三峡库区优异稻种资源遗传多样性及群体结构分析  

Unlocking the Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Excellent Rice Germplasm in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area

作　　者：唐如玉 邹玉霞 陈娇 雷丽霞 唐江红 甘露 张佳妮 罗兰 沈航 台琳玉 赵正武 TANG Ru-yu;ZOU Yu-xia;CHEN Jiao;LEI Li-xia;TANG Jiang-hong;GAN Lu;ZHANG Jia-ni;LUO Lan;SHEN Hang;TAI Lin-yu;ZHAO Zheng-wu(College of Life Science,Chongqing Normal University/Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Specialty Crop Resource,Chongqing 401331)

机构地区：[1]重庆师范大学生命科学学院/重庆市特色作物资源工程技术研究中心

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2019年第6期1408-1417,共10页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：重庆市高校优秀成果转化资助项目(KJZH17114);国家自然科学基金项目(31670326);重庆高校创新团队(CXTDX201601018);重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项(cstc2019jscx-msxm X0353)~~

摘　　要：为了阐明三峡库区优异稻种资源的遗传多样性和群体结构,本研究利用25对SSR多态性分子标记对三峡库区不同地理来源和不同类型的81份优异稻种资源进行了遗传多样性和群体结构分析。研究结果显示,上述标记能够高效鉴别参试材料的遗传多样性水平。共检测到56个等位基因,每个位点检测到的等位基因数为2~5,平均为2.44;有效等位基因数变异范围为1.077~2.582,平均为1.757;多态性信息量(PIC)为0.069~0.539,平均为0.332;Shannon信息指数为0.158~1.017,平均为0.625;Nei's基因多样性指数为0.071~0.665,平均为0.407。进一步分析发现,地方品种的平均有效等位基因数高于选育品种,而选育品种的平均等位基因数和Shannon信息指数高于地方品种,两者的基因多样性指数、多态信息含量和期望杂合度极为相近。聚类分析、群体结构分析和主成分分析显示供试材料可分为2个类群,3种分类结果大致相同,各类群聚集的地域性规律不明显,品种的聚类关系较复杂。分子方差分析表明居群间的变异和品种间的变异百分率相当,变异来源于居群间和品种间。In order to elucidate the genetic diversity and population structure of superior rice species resources in the three gorges reservoir area,this study used 25 pairs of SSR polymorphism molecular markers to analyze the genetic diversity and population structure of 81 superior rice species resources,which were collected from different geographical sources and types in the three gorges reservoir area.The results showed that the above markers could effectively identify the level of genetic diversity of the tested materials.A total of 56 alleles were detected,and the number of alleles detected at each locus was 2~5,with an average of 2.44;The number of effective alleles varied from 1.077 to 2.582,with an average of 1.757;the polymorphism information(PIC)ranged from 0.069 to 0.539,with an average of 0.332;the Shannon index ranged from 0.158 to 1.017,with an average of 0.625;and the Nei ′s gene diversity index ranged from 0.071 to 0.665,with an average of 0.407.Further analysis showed that the average effective allele number of landrace was higher than that of cultivars,while the average allele number and Shannon index of cultivars were higher than that of landrace.However both of them are very similar in terms of gene diversity index,polymorphic information content and expected heterozygosity.By the cluster analysis,population structure analysis and principal coordinate analysis,the tested materials were roughly assigned to two groups.The regional law of the aggregation of various groups was not obvious,and the clustering relationship of varieties was relatively complex.The results of molecular variance analysis showed that the variation between populations was the same as that between varieties,and the variation between populations and varieties was the source of variation.

关 键 词：水稻 三峡库区 微卫星标记 遗传多样性 群体结构 

分 类 号：S51[农业科学—作物学]