虫龄对蠋蝽捕食斜纹夜蛾幼虫行为参数的影响  

Larval instar-dependent effects on predation behavior of stinkbug Arma chinensis attacking Spodoptera litura larvae

作　　者：杨志浩 孟玲 李保平 YANG Zhi-Hao;MENG Ling;LI Bao-Ping(College of Plant Protection,Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests,Ministry of Education,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学植物保护学院农作物生物灾害综合治理教育部重点实验室

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2019年第11期3376-3381,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划-政府间国际科技创新合作重点专项(2017YFE0104900)资助

摘　　要：捕食行为是评价捕食性天敌控制害虫作用的重要依据,常用的数学模型估计捕食行为参数或者在没有植物存在的微生境中直接观测捕食行为的方法,往往会高估或低估捕食性天敌的控害作用。为评价龄期如何影响蠋蝽(Arma chinensis)对斜纹夜蛾(Spodoptera litura)幼虫的捕食作用,本研究将蠋蝽不同龄期若虫(2、3、4和5龄)和斜纹夜蛾不同龄期幼虫(1、2、3和4龄)交叉组合为16个处理,接至盆栽大豆(Glycine max)苗上,连续观测蠋蝽若虫的捕食行为,分析在遭遇不同龄期猎物时蠋蝽若虫的捕食行为随自身龄期增大的变化趋势。结果表明:在遭遇1、2或4龄斜纹夜蛾幼虫时,蠋蝽若虫的处理猎物时间随自身龄期增大表现出二次方曲线下降的趋势;在遭遇3龄幼虫时,处理时间表现出三次方曲线性下降的趋势。在遭遇2、3或4龄斜纹夜蛾幼虫时,蠋蝽若虫的捕食量随自身龄期增长表现出直线增大的趋势;在遭遇1龄幼虫时捕食量表现出"中间高两端低"的变化趋势。蠋蝽若虫的刺扎次数不受自身龄期的影响,仅受斜纹夜蛾幼虫龄期的影响。在遭遇2龄斜纹夜蛾幼虫时,蠋蝽若虫的捕食成功率仅随自身龄期增大呈直线上升趋势;在遭遇1、3、4龄幼虫时,捕食成功率与自身龄期无关。研究结果说明,在利用捕食行为参数评价蠋蝽对斜纹夜蛾幼虫的捕食作用时,需同时考虑蠋蝽和猎物的虫龄大小。Predation behavior is widely utilized to evaluate the potential of a predator in biological pest control.The common approaches using mathematic modeling or direct observation in microcosms without plants often lead to either over-or under-estimation of the potential.This study aimed at estimating behavioral parameters of predation on different instar larvae of Spodoptera litura by the predatory stinkbug Arma chinensis across nymphal instars in laboratory experiments using potted plants.Different instars of S.litura larvae(L1,L2,L3 and L4)were individually subjected to predation by variable instars of individual A.chinensis nymphs(2 nd,3 rd,4 th and5 th instar)on potted soybean(Glycine max).Predation behavior during two hours was recorded and analyzed to detect the trend across predator’s instars in response to variable instar caterpillars.Prey-handling time decreased in a quadratic pattern across stinkbug nymphal stages when encountering L1,L2 or L4 prey,and in a cubic pattern when encountering the L3 prey.Prey consumption increased linearly with the increase of stinkbug nymphal instar for the L2,L3 or L4 prey,and showed an"arch-shaped"curve for the L1 prey.Predation success increased linearly with the increase of stinkbug instar for the L2 prey,and had no correlation with it for the L1,L3 or L4 prey.The number of stylet stinging did not change with stinkbug instar.Our findings suggest that the evaluation of predation of S.litura by A.chinensis should take into account of the age of both prey and predator.

关 键 词：蠋蝽 功能反应 捕食者-猎物互作 捕食性蝽 处理时间 攻击率 

分 类 号：S43[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]