某大型化工场地土壤中多环芳烃(PAHs)污染现状与风险评价  

Pollution status and risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil of a large chemical engineering site

作　　者：张玉 宋光卫 刘海红 田垚[6,8] 王静 代子俊[8] ZHANG Yu;SONG Guang-wei;LIU Hai-hong;TIAN Yao;WANG Jing;DAI Zi-jun(Beijing Construction Engineering Environmental Engineering Consulting Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100085,China;Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guiyang 550081,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;College of Geography and Environmental Science,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387,China;Tianjin Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment,Tianjin 300387,China;College of Environmental&Resource Sciences,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China;College of Urban and Environmental Science,Northwest University,Xi’an710127,China;Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China)

机构地区：[1]北京建工环境工程咨询有限责任公司,北京100085 [2]中国科学院地球化学研究所,贵阳550081 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]天津师范大学地理与环境科学学院,天津300387 [5]天津师范大学天津市水资源与水环境重点实验室,天津300387 [6]山西大学环境与资源学院,太原030006 [7]西北大学城市与环境学院,西安710127 [8]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2019年第11期3408-3415,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1800306)资助

摘　　要：以东北某大型化工场地为研究区域,采集了18个剖面点,4个土层,共计95个土壤样品;使用GC/MS检测了16种PAHs。本研究主要分析PAHs在该场地浅层(0~3 m)土壤的分布特征及在土壤剖面中的垂直分布特征,采用终生致癌风险进行了健康风险评价。结果表明:浅层土壤∑PAHs范围为0.13~553.5 mg·kg^-1,均值67.0 mg·kg^-1,化学品公司和热电厂周围土壤样点中PAHs含量相对较高;0~3、4~7 m土壤层中PAHs以中环4环为主,8~11 m土壤层PAHs以低环2~3环为主。场地中未受扰动的土壤样品PAHs浓度随土壤深度增加而减小,受扰动的样点在深度大于16 m仍有较高浓度的PAHs。根据我国《土壤环境质量建设用地土壤污染风险管控标准》,BaP浓度超出一类建设用地筛选值60.6倍。健康风险评估显示,场地ILCRs值为9.6×10-11~7.2×10-5,具有潜在致癌风险。A total of 95 soil samples from 18 profiles and five soil layers were collected from a large chemical engineering site in northeast China,with 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons( PAHs) being detected by GC/MS. The concentration,spatial distribution of PAHs in surface soils( 0-3 m) and the vertical distribution across soil profile( 0-16 m) were analyzed. The potential risks were assessed by the model of incremental lifetime cancer risk( ILCR). The results showed that ∑PAHs in the surface soils ranged from 0.13 to 553.5 mg·kg-1,with an average of 67.0 mg ·kg-1. The ∑PAHs concentration was relatively high around the chemical company and the thermal power plant. 4-ring PAHs were dominant in the depths of 0-3 m and 4-7 m,while low-ring( 2-ring and 3-ring) PAHs were dominant in the depths of 8-11 m. The∑PAHs concentrations decreased with increasing soil depth in the undisturbed soil profiles,while relatively high concentrations of PAHs were found at a depth of more than 16 m in the disturbed soil profiles. According to the Soil Environmental Quality Risk Control Standard for Soil Contamination of Development Land in China,the concentration of BaP exceeded the value of soil environmental quality pollution risk control standards for class I construction land by 60. 6 times. The results of health risk assessment showed that the ILCRs value was 9. 6 × 10-11-7. 2 ×10-5,being potential carcinogenic risk.

关 键 词：化工场地 多环芳烃(PAHs) 土壤剖面 健康风险评估 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]