类型化视野下行政行为“适用法律、法规错误”的再认识  

Rethinking of "Error of Law" of Administrative Actions:A Typological Analysis

作　　者：邵亚萍[1] Shao Yaping(Law School,Zhejiang University City College,Hangzhou310015,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学城市学院法学院

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2019年第5期114-126,共13页Journal of Zhejiang University:Humanities and Social Sciences

摘　　要：行政行为"适用法律、法规错误"的内涵尚存学术争议,应采抽象概念抑或类型化的思维进行界定,仍有待研究。《最高人民法院公报》案件的实践运用显示,法官已经无意识地在采用类型化的思维方式,并将依据要素和解释要素作为判断的核心要素,而部分案件的归类问题则反映了抽象概念思维下的弊端。"适用错误"兼具实践依法行政原则及作为司法审查基准的双重功能,类型化的思维既可体现其独立内涵,亦未固化各撤销要件之间的界限,从而有助于整体把握"行政违法"概念和司法实践需求,进而实现其功能。在类型化视角下,应从对应性、合法性和完整性确立对"依据错误"的司法审查标准,而对"解释错误"的审查则需结合个案,并通过行政审判实践进行完善。The reason why there is still academic disagreement on whether″error of law″is an independent element of the revocation of an administrative action is that scholars do not distinguish between″abstract concepts″and″typology″in their research methods.In terms of jurisprudence methodology,a complete legal system is composed of the″internal system″constituted of legal principles and the″external system″with the abstract concept as the core,and between them is the″type″which plays the role of″a connecting bridge″.The method of″abstract concept″ensures the high degree of accuracy and closeness of the concept by extracting elements of the adjustment objects individually and separately to maintain the stability of the legal system.However,this method cannot satisfy the diversity of meanings in life or legal contexts,because it is always in pursuit of universalization of concepts.Whereas the method of typology aims to grasp the overall characteristics of concepts,so it is able to regulate the adjustment objects specifically and integrally.In administrative litigations,revocation elements of administrative actions are defined by describing the illegal phenomenon,and therefore,revocation elements belong to typical types rather than abstract concepts since they are characterized by liquidity and inability to strictly define boundaries.There may be overlapping or logical non-periodic issues among various revocation elements from the perspective of typology,but typology helps to adjust the various illegal administrative actions in the administrative process,so as to realize the function of judicial review.″Error of law″belongs to administrative violation.TheGazetteoftheSupremePeople’s Courtshows that judges have unconsciously adopted the method of typology,and taken the″justification elements″and″interpretative elements″as core elements of judgment.However,the classification of some cases shows that it is necessary to construct reasonable types in theory.According to the basic elem

关 键 词：行政行为 适用法律、法规错误 依法行政 司法审查 类型化 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]