基于精密超滤法的废切削液处理与回用研究  

Treatment and reuse of waste cutting fluid based on tight ultrafiltration method

作　　者：杨振生[1,2] 冯立建 赵改 YANG Zhen-sheng;FENG Li-jian;ZHAO Gai(School of Chemical Engineering,Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300130,China;National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Conservation of Chemical Process Integration and Resources Utilization,Tianjin 300130,China)

机构地区：[1]河北工业大学化工学院,天津300130 [2]化工节能过程集成与资源利用国家地方联合工程实验室,天津300130

出　　处：《现代化工》2019年第11期158-162,167,共6页Modern Chemical Industry

摘　　要：采用自制截留分子质量为3 000 Da的PES/TiO2杂化精密超滤膜处理废切削液,用油滴粒径分布与红外光谱分析比较了废切削液处理前后的变化,探讨回配切削液中渗透液所占体积分数对理化性能和稳定性的影响,依据渗透通量、化学需氧量(COD)变化、纯水通量恢复率选择了较优的操作参数和膜清洗剂配方。实验结果表明,该超滤膜对0.02μm以上的乳化油滴、胶体、高分子质量物质截留,低分子质量的有效成分聚乙二醇滤过。由切削原液(10%)、渗透液(10%~50%)和蒸馏水配制的回配切削液具有优秀的理化性能和稳定性。确定了较优的操作条件:压差为0.4 MPa、料液流速为1.0 m/s,此时渗透通量达69 L/(m^2·h),COD去除率达89.7%;十二烷基磺酸钠+异戊醇、盐酸两步清洗超滤膜,纯水通量恢复率达94.5%;此条件下废切削液的回收率达85.71%。Waste cutting fluid is treated with a self-made PES/TiO2 hybridized tight ultrafiltration membrane that presents a molecular weight cut-off of 3 000 Da. The change of waste cutting fluids before and after the treatment is analyzed by the oil droplet size distribution method and Fourier transform infrared spectrum.The influence of the volume fraction of permeation fluid in recycled cutting fluid on physical and chemical properties,and stability of recycled cutting fluid is discussed.Optimal operation parameters and membrane cleaning agent formulations are selected according to the permeability flux,chemical oxygen demand(COD) changes and pure water flux recovery rate,respectively.Results show that the tight PES/TiO2 hybridized ultrafiltration membrane can effectively intercept the emulsified oil droplets with a size over 0.02 μm,colloids and polymer mass substances in waste cutting fluids.The low molecular weight active ingredient polyethylene glycol can permeate through membrane.The recycled cutting fluid formed by 10% of original cutting fluid,10%-50% of permeation and distilled water exhibits excellent physicochemical properties and stability,which can be used in machine cutting.The permeate flux of waste cutting fluid can reach 69 L/(m2·h) and COD removal rate can reach 89. 7% under the optimal operating parameters such as pressure at 0. 4 MPa and feed speed at 1. 0 m·s^-1. After being cleaned by sodium dodecyl sulfate/isoprene and hydrochloric acid in two steps,the permeate flux of the membrane can recover by 94. 5%.Under the optimal conditions,the reuse rate of waste cutting fluids reaches 85. 71%.

关 键 词：超滤 废切削液 处理 回用 膜污染 清洗 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]